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1、1新概念英语第一册语法总结新概念英语第一册语法总结(一)一、时态：一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，现在完成时，一般将来时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时1. 一般现在时表示一般性，经常性的动作或一般性事实。1 含有 be动词的句子He is a teacher.The girl is very beautiful.Tim and Jack are students.变疑问句将 be动词移到句首Is he a teacher?Is the girl very beautiful?Are Tim and Jack students?变否定句在 be动词后面加 notHe is not a
2、teacher.The girl is not very beautiful.Tim and Jack are not students.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he is. No, he is not.Yes, she is. No, she is not.Yes, they are. No, they are not.新概念英语第一册语法总结(二)2. 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。构成： 主语be 动词动词的现在分词其它成分（现在分词的构成见附录）2We are having lunch.He is reading a book.The dog is running after
3、a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.变疑问句将 be动词移到句首Are we having lunch?Is he reading a book?Is the dog running after a cat?Are the boys swimming across the river?变否定句在 be动词后面加 notWe are not having lunch.He is not reading a book.The dog is not running after a cat.The boys are swimming across
4、the river.特殊疑问句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.疑问词动词主语现在分词What are you doing?What is she doing?What is the dog doing?没有进行时的动词（必背）表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作1. 表示感觉，感官的词see, hear, like, love, want,2. have, has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时新概念英语第一册语法总结(三)33. 一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或事件， 常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last night,
5、 the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,含有 be动词的句子， 将动词变为过去式，am, is 的过去式为 was，are 的过去式为 wereI was at the butchers.You were a student a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.变疑问句将 be动词移动到句首Were you at the butchers?Were you a student a year ago?Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ag
6、o?变否定句在 be动词后面加 notI was not at the butchers.You were not a student a year ago.The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.肯定回答否定回答Yes, I was. No, I was not.Yes, you were. No, you were not.Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.特殊疑问句：What did you do?（必背）不含有 be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，动词过去式构成见附录I finished my
7、 homework yesterday.The boy went to a restaurant.The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.变疑问句在句首加 did， 动词变为原型4Did you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaurant?Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?变否定句在主语和动词之间加 did notI did not finish my homework yesterday.The boy d
8、id not go to a restaurant.The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I did. No, I didnt.Yes, he did. No, he didnt.Yes, they did. No, they did not.新概念英语第一册语法总结(四)4. 现在完成时构成：主语+助动词 have, has+过去分词用法：2） 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和 just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用I have just had lunch
9、. （饱了，不用再吃了）He has had a cup of tea.（不渴了，不用再喝）They have already had their holiday. （不能再度假了）The boy has already read the book. （已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了）3） 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：Have you finished your homework?Have you been to Beijing?Have he seen the film?4） 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作5I have lived in Beijing for twenty y
10、ears.I have worked for this school for 1 year.8） 表示一种经历，经验：去过地方，做过事情，经历过事情I have never had a bath.I have never seen a film.I have never been to cinema.I have ever been to Paris.Have been to表示去过，have gone to 表示去了I have been to London.（人已经回来）He has gone to London.（人还在那里）11） 表示一种结果， 一般不和时间副词联用I have lo
11、st my pen.I have hurt myself.He has become a teacher.She has broken my heart.句型变化：变疑问句将助动词移到句首，变否定句在助动词后面加 not.e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I have. No, I have not.特殊疑问句：What have you done?What has he done?一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时6注意：有些动词表示的动作有一个终点，不能
12、再延续，因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用错：Ive left Beijing for 3 days.对：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away for 3 days.新概念英语第一册语法总结(五)5. 一般将来时表示将来将要发生的动作， 经常和 tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours time, etc. 表示将来的词联用结构： 主语+助动词 will+动词原形I will go to America tomorrow.T
13、he pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.变疑问句将助动词移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow?Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?变否定句在助动词后面加 notI will not go to America tomorrow.
14、The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I will. No, I will not.Yes, he/she will. No, he/she will not.Yes, he will. No, he will not.特殊疑问句：What will you do?新概念英语第一册语法总结(六)76. 过去完成时：用法：在过去的时间里，两个动作中，发生在前的哪个动作要用过去完成时。结构
15、：had+过去分词After she had finished her homework, she went shopping.They had sold the car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the station.After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号，如果放在主句后则不用加。5 变疑问句将助动词移到句首Had she finished her homework?6 变否定句在助动词后面加 notShe hadnt finished her homewor
16、k.7 肯定回答及否定回答Yes, she had. No, she hadnt.8 特殊疑问句：What had she done?新概念英语第一册语法总结(七)7. 过去进行时：表示过去正在进行的动作，经常用在 when, while, as引导的状语从句中。结构：was/were+doingWhen my husband was going into the dining room this morning, he dropped some coins on the floor.While we were having dinner, my father was watching TV.新概念英语第一册语法总结(八)8 过去将来时 结构：would doShe said she would go here the next morning.两个 特殊句型：there be 句型，be going to 结构1） Be going to 结构
