新概念二册第38课Lesson38

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1、Lesson 38Everything except the weather 唯独没有考虑到天气 英国位于北纬 50 度至 60 度之间,比我国的黑龙江省还要偏北,但气候却温和得多,可以说是冬无严寒,夏无酷署。这温和的气候首先要归功于热带的墨西哥湾暖流。这股暖流,有好几百公里宽。它浩浩荡荡地流向欧洲西北岸,改称大西洋暖流,为英国带来了温和湿润的海洋性气候。以伦敦为例,冬天河湖极少结冰,一月份的平温气温在 4 度(摄氏)以上;而夏天又相当凉爽,七月份的平温气温只有 17 度,早晚常要加件线衣才行。年降雨量约 600 毫米,不算太多,但分布比较均匀。就全国来说,一月份的平均气温约为 4 至 7度,

2、七月份 13 至 17 度。年降雨量西北部山区超过 1000 毫米,而东南部在六七百毫米之间。英国的雾气较重,在夏季晴和的好天中,还有薄薄的烟霭;冬季则经常飞雾迷漫,似雨非雨,若烟非烟,这主要是岛国的潮气所致。至于伦敦过去常见的浓雾,并不完全是自然现象。由于重视环境保护,那里出现浓雾的次数已大大减少。 这个岛国的气候温和,但天气多变。英国人常说:“国外有气候,在英国只有天气” ,以此来表明这里天气的变化莫测。的确,在一日之内,忽晴忽阴又忽雨的情况并不少见。这种天气使人变得格外谨慎,看到一位英国人在阳光明媚的早上出门时穿着雨衣,带着雨伞,外国人可能会感到可笑,但是不久以后他就会为自己的“感到可笑

3、” 而后悔。在英国天气极其不稳定,可能前几分钟还艳阳高照,下一会就大雨倾盆,所以外出应考虑携带防水的外衣或外套,以及雨伞。 英国的下雨的时候很多,一天中经常有好几个天气,又多雾,空气也湿润。 except prep. 除了except 用于同类之间。 except for 用于不同类的。 apart from 在同类或不同类都能用 一、 except 用于表示同类事物之间的关系,其意为 除 以外 、除去 。 1. except 后面可接名词、代词、动词、副词、介词短语和从句等。如: We have an English lesson every day except Sunday. 除星期天外

4、,我们每天有一堂英语课。(接名词) They all went to the park last Sunday except him. 除了他以外,上星期天他们都去公园了。(接代词) Every day Mary does nothing except watch TV. 每天玛丽除了看电视以外什么都不干。(except 后接动词时,一般为带 to 的动词不定式。但如果 except 前面有谓语动词 do 或其相应形式时,后面通常接省略 to 的动词不定式。如此句。 ) He always goes to work by bike except recently. 除最近外,他一般都骑自行车上

5、班。(接副词) After breakfast the students went nowhere except to school. 吃完早餐,学生们除了上学就不到别处去了。(接介词短语 ) My father usually goes to work by bike except when it rains. 除下雨天外,我爸爸通常骑自行车上班。(接从句) 2. except 常用在 all, whole, any, every, no 等词,及 anything, anybody, anyone, everything, everybody, everyone 等不定代词之后。如: Sh

6、e ate everything on the plate except the carrots.除胡萝卜外她把盘子里的东西都吃了。Ive cleaned all the rooms except the toilet. 除了厕所,我清扫了所有房间。 二、 except for 用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定。它不表示同类事物之间的关系,其意思为: 1. 除了以外。如: Smith is a good man, except for his bad temper. 史密斯除了脾气不好外,是个好人。 The movie was good except for the ending. 这部

7、电影除了结尾之外都很好。 Mother wouldnt give him any money except for books and stationery. 除了买书和文具外,妈妈不给他任何钱。 2. 如果不是, 若非。如: Except for you, I would pass the exam. 如果不是你,我就会通过考试。 4. except for+名词结构一般可以改写成except+that 从句 。如: This will do except for the length.= This will do except that it is too long. 如果不是它太长的话,

8、这会很好。 All are here except for the absence of Tina. = All are here except that Tina is absent. 除了蒂娜以外,大家都在这里。 三、 except 与 except for 的互换 1. except 与 except for 有时可以通用,不过,一般情况下,except for 可置于句首,而except 则不能。如: Everyone is here except Tom. (或:Except for Tom everyone is here.)除汤姆外,大家都到了。 First listen and

9、 then answer the question.听录音,然后回答以下问题。Why did Harrison sell his house so quickly?1. My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England. 我的老朋友哈里森在回到英国以前曾多年居住在地中海地区。2. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the c

10、ountry. 过去他常幻想退休后到英国,并计划在乡间安顿下来retire v. 退休( 31 课,success story)He is getting old. He is going to retire.retire=stop working=stop doing thisIm going to retire next year.我明年会退出影坛或歌坛Im so tired that Im going to retire now. dream of:想,梦见(梦想) think of:想(思维的活动)3. He had no sooner returned than he bought

11、a house and went to live there. 他刚一回到英国便买下了一幢房子住了进去。had not sooner done.than 一般过去时: (关联词)一。就。as soon as,the moment, on doingNo sooner had he arrived.(倒装)no sooner.than 固定用法一.就. 引导时间状语从句,主句用过去完成时 ,than后面的从句用一般过去时.(从这里可以知道,no sooner 后面是主句 ;than 后面是从句) 例: I had no sooner reached home than it began to r

12、ain. 我一到家天就下起雨来 No sooner .than.常放在句首, 表示强调.这时主句要倒装. 例:No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain. 与这个短语类似的还有 hardly . when 意思为:还没.就. 例: We had hardly gotten there when it began to rain. 我们还没到那儿,天就下起雨了 . (主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时)4. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for eve

13、n though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. 但紧接着他就开始抱怨那里的天气了。因为即使那时仍为夏季,但雨总是下个不停,而且常常冷得厉害。 for:(连词)表示因为(解释说明,附加的) because 因为(一定要说的)complain v. 抱怨complain to sb. 向某人抱怨 complain of/about:抱怨某事continually adv. 不断地continuously:连续不断地 continually:频繁地(时断时续)bitterly ad

14、v. 刺骨地 bitterly cold:刺骨地寒冷chilly:寒冷的 bitterly disappointed:彻底的失望5. After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. 在阳光下生活了那么多年的哈里森对此感到惊奇。sunshine n. 阳光 a drop of;一缕 got a shock:吓了一跳,吃了一惊 got such a fright.还可用 surprise6. He acted as if he had never lived in England before. 他的举动就好像他从未在英国生活过一样 a

15、s if句子;似乎,好像as though过去完成时,虚拟语气even thougheven ifas if 引导的从句经常用虚拟语气。从上面的句子可以看出,主句都是现在时态,as if 从句都是过去时态,这说明 as if 从句表示的意思与事实不符或者相反。例如: He walks as if he were drunk. My neighbor treats the child as if he were their own son.主句+as if (though)+主语+01.were/过去时 表示与主句动作同时发生02.could/would +动词原形表示动作可能在将来发生03.h

16、ad+过去分词表示从句谓语的动作发生在主句动作之前eg. He treats me as if i were a stranger.She talks about it again and again as if she would never end.They talked as if they had been friends for years.7. In the end, it was more than he could bear. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. 最后,他再也忍受不住,还没等安顿下来就卖掉了房子,离开了这个国家。 hardly.when.

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