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1、.,1,状语从句,What are “ Adverbial Clauses”?,在主从复合句中修饰主语中的动词、 形容词、副词等的从句叫做 “状语从句”。分类如下：,.,2,状语从句,1. 时间状语从句,2. 地点状语从句,3. 原因状语从句,4. 条件状语从句,5. 让步状语从句,6. 目的状语从句,7. 结果状语从句,8. 方式状语从句,9. 比较状语从句,.,3,1) 常用连词如下：as, when, while, before, till / until, not till / until, since, after等。,1. 时间状语从句,e.g. I wont know where
2、 he is until I get a letter from him.,2) 一些表示时间的名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。如：the moment, the minute, the day, the year, next time, every time 等。,.,4,e.g. The moment he comes, I will tell him.,3) as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly 等也可引导状语从句。表示“一就”。,4) a. hardly when,b. scarcely when / before,c. no soon
3、er than 都相当于as soon as，用以引导时间状语从句。注意：当 hardly, scarcely及no sooner位于句首时,从句中的主谓要倒装。,.,5,e.g. No sooner had she gone than it happened.,1. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone. while B. after C. In case D. the minute 2. How long do you think it will take _ our p
4、roduct becomes popular with the consumers? when B. until C. before D. since,.,6,3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. With B. since C. As D. While 4. He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. why B. where C. when D. while 5. Hardly _ into the village _ it began to r
5、ain. we had got; when B. we got; than C. had we got; when D. did we get; than,.,7,2. 地点状语从句,地点状语从句用连接副词 where或wherever (在任何地方) 引导。,e.g. a. Just stay where you are. b. Wherever you go, Ill be right here waiting for you.,.,8,When he reads a book, his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to
6、 him. A. there B. wherever C. the place D. in which 2. If you are travelling _ the customs are totally different from your own, you may feel a cultural shock. A. in the place B. which C. in which D. where,.,9,3. 原因状语从句,原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句 常用的连接词是：because, since, as, for, now that 及 cons
7、idering等。,e.g. He didnt come to school because he was ill.,c.f. He might be ill, for he didnt come to school.,表示“直接”原因。,表示“间接的推断”原因. 不可出现在句首。,.,10,Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, _ this was a memory she especially treasured. A. as B. if C. when D. where 2. Some
8、 people believe that _ oil is running out, the fate of the motor industry is uncertain. A. / B. though C. for D. since,.,11,4. 条件状语从句,条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。,条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if, unless (除非), as / so long as (只要), on condition (只要), in case (假使) , providing / provided (tha
9、t) 等。,e.g. a. Well come over to see you on Saturday if we have time.,.,12,b. We should serve the people as / so long as we live.,1. We will be able to get there on time, _ our car doesnt break down on the road. as soon as B. as far as C. as long as D. as well as 2. In time of serious accidents, _ we
10、 know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. whether B. until C. if D. unless,.,13,3. _ you have tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is. A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When 4. The official soon realized that, _, things would get worse. unless dealt with properly if not pro
11、perly dealing with it unless properly dealt with if dealt not properly with,.,14,5. 让步状语从句,在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。通常由下列词语引导：though, although, even if, even though, while, no matter who/ , however 等。,由wh-词 + ever构成的连接代词或连接副词也可以引导让步状语从句。,.,15,让步状语从句可以位于主句前、后，有时插在主句中间。,e.g. a. I will go, whatever he
12、 may say. b. Their tent, though (it was) light as a feather, remained firm.,c. Though / Although he was old, he worked hard. = He was old but he worked hard.,注意一个典型的中国错误： though / although 切不可与but连用。,.,16,_ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. While B. since C. Before D. U
13、nless 2. The workers are determined to go through with their railway project, _ the expenses have risen. as long as B. even though C. now that D. as though,.,17,3. _, he knows more than other children of his age. A. However young child he is B. Child as he is C. No matter how young child is D. What
14、a young child he is 4. I really want the match, however much _. A. does it cost B. costs it C. will it cost D. it costs,.,18,5. _ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. For now B. Now that C. By now D. until 6. _, the idea off having to work under a woman defeated him.
15、 Wanting the job very much Although wanting the job badly Though he wanted the job very much He wanted the job badly,.,19,6. 目的状语从句,引导目的状语从句的连词:,in order that ,用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。,so that,a. 较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可分开，so 有时可省; 从句中要有情态动词，否则, 就成为下一种句型：,b. 无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。,for fear that; in case; lest (以免)等。,.,20,e.g. a. Well sit nearer the front so we can hear better. b. I shall write it down lest I should forget.,注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用so as to do 或 in order to do ,e.g. He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten oclock. ,He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock.,.,2
