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1、 History of Britain - timeline and factsWoodlands Junior School is in the south-east corner of EnglandTimeline of theKings and QueensHistory of London History of the Union FlagThousands of years ago, Great Britain was joined to Europe and was covered with ice. About 15,000 years ago, the weather bec
2、ame warmer. The ice melted and the sea level rose. Great Britain became an island about 8000 years ago.Celtic people called Britons settles in Britain. They were warriors and farmers who were skilled metal workers. They built villages and hill forts, and used iron weapons and tools. Celts called Gae
3、ls lived in Ireland. Prehistoric Britain BC Roman Britain 43 AD Anglo Saxon Britain 450Viking Britain 793Medieval Britain 1066Tudor Britain 1485 Stuart Britain 1603Georgian Britain 1714 Victorian Britain 1837 Modern Britain 1902 + King and Queens of EnglandRomansSaxonsVikingsNormansTudorsVictoriansW
4、W ll434507931066148518371939Prehistoric BritainThe first men and women came to Britain over two and a half million years ago. They were hunters and gatherers of food who used simple stone tools and weapons.BCBritainAbroad500,000People migrate to Britain from Europe. 6500The land bridge joining Brita
5、in to Europe is flooded as the sea level rises. Britain becomes an Island. 3000New Stone Age begins: farming people arrive from Europe. 3000First stone circles erected. 2100Bronze Age begins2150People learn to make bronze weapons and tools 2000Stonehenge completed 1650Trade routes begin to form1200S
6、mall Villages are first formed750Iron Age begins: iron replaces bronze as most useful metal. Population about 150,000. 500The Celtic people arrive from Central Europe.The Celts were farmers and lived in small village groups in the centre of their arable fields. They were also warlike people. The Cel
7、ts fought against the people of Britain and other Celtic tribes. RomansSaxonsVikingsNormansTudorsVictoriansWW ll434507931066148518371939Roman BritainThe Romans were the first to invade us and came to Britain nearly 2000 years ago. They changed our country. The Roman Empire made its mark on Britain,
8、and even today, the ruins of Roman buildings, forts, roads, and baths can be found all over Britain.Britain was part of the Roman Empire for almost 400 years!By the time the Roman armies left around 410 AD, they had established medical practice, a language of administration and law and had created g
9、reat public buildings and roads. Many English words are derived from the latin language of the Romans. Click here to find out more about the Romans in Britain. BritainAbroad55 BCJulius Caesar heads first Roman Invasion but later withdraws44 BC44 BCJulius Caesar is murdered in Rome AD3030Jesus Crucif
10、ied 43 Romans invade and Britain becomes part of the Roman Empire50London Founded 61Boadicea leads the Iceni in revolt against the Romans 70Romans conquer Wales and the North76The Emperor Hadrian is born 8080The Colosseum of Rome completed 122 - 128 Emperor Hadrian builds a wall on the Scottish Bord
11、er140Romans conquer Scotland209St Alban becomes the 1st Christian martyr306Constantine the Great declared Emperor at York 350The Picts and Scots attack the border401 - 410The Romans withdraw from Britain: Anglo Saxons migrants begin to Settle Click here for Information on the Romans RomansSaxonsViki
12、ngsNormansTudorsVictoriansWW ll434507931066148518371939Anglo-Saxon BritainThe Roman army left Britain about AD 410. When they had gone there was no strong army to defend Britain, and tribes called the Angle, Saxon, and Jute (the Anglo-Saxons) invaded. They left their homelands in northern Germany, D
13、enmark and northern Holland and rowed across the North Sea in wooden boats. The Anglo-Saxons ruled most of Britain but never conquered Cornwall in the south-west, Wales in the west, or Scotland in the north. They divided the country into kingdoms.Missionaries from Roman spread Christianity across so
14、uthern Britain.Read more about the Saxons on our Homework Help pages 450 - 750Invasion of the Jutes from Jutland, Angles from South of Denmark and Saxons from Germany.Britain is divided up into the Seven Kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia, Wessex, Essex, Sussex and Kent. 450Saxons Hengist and Horsa set
15、tle in Kent.460St Patrick returns to convert Ireland 510The Battle of Mount Badon: British victory over the Saxons 597St Augustine brings Christianity to Britain from Rome and becomes Archbishop of Canterbury617Northumbria becomes the Supreme Kingdom779Mercia becomes the Supreme Kingdom and King Offa builds a Dyke along the We
