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1、培训体系 C 无损检测人员培训大纲培训体系 C 无损检测人员培训大纲 NDE Personnel Training ProgramNDE Personnel Training Program 无损检测人员培训大纲无损检测人员培训大纲无损检测人员培训大纲无损检测人员培训大纲 0 REV. NO. 修订号 Prepared By 编 制 Date 日 期 Reviewed By 审 核 Date 日 期 Approved By 批 准 Date 日 期 Training Program for NDE PersonnelTraining Program for NDE Personnel 无损检测
2、人员NDE培训大纲无损检测人员NDE培训大纲 Radiographic Testing Method (RT)Radiographic Testing Method (RT) 射线照相检测方法（RT）射线照相检测方法（RT） (RT-Training Course Outline-Tc-1) (RT NDE培训大纲 -TC-1) For Level RTFor Level RT RT 级人员RT 级人员 A、 Radiographic Equipment Operating and Emergency Instructions CourseA、 Radiographic Equipment O
3、perating and Emergency Instructions Course 射线设备操作和防护措施射线设备操作和防护措施 1 Personnel Monitoring 人员受照剂量监控 1.1 Wearing of Monitoring Badges 佩带剂量计 1.2 Reading of Pocket Dosimeters 袖珍剂量计测读 1.3 Recording of Daily Dosimeter Readings 日常剂量计测读记录 1.4 “Off-scale” Dosimeter-Action Required“ 标度”剂量仪实际要求 1.5 Permissible
4、Exposure Limits 受照容许限值 2Survey Instruments 监测仪器 2.1 Type of Radiation Instruments 辐射计测仪类型 2.2 Reading and Interpreting Meter Indications 仪器指示值读评 2.3 Calibration Frequency 校验频率 2.4 Calibration Expiration-Action 期后校准-作用 2.5 Battery Check-Importance 电池校准- 重要性 3 Leak Testing of Sealed Radioactive Source
5、s 密封放射源的泄漏试验 3.1 Requirements for Leak Testing 泄漏检查要求 3.2 Purpose of Leak Testing 泄漏检查目的 3.3 Performance of Leak Testing 泄漏检查操作 4 Radiation Survey Reports 辐射监测方案 4.1 Requirements for Completion 完成监测工作的要求 4.2 Description of Report Format 方案格式说明 5 Radiographic Work Practices 射线照相操作 5.1 Establishment o
6、f Restricted Areas 禁区的设定 5.2 Posting and Surveillance of restricted Areas 禁区的标志和监测 5.3 Use of Time, Distance, and Shielding to Reduce Personnel Radiation Exposure 用时间、距离及屏蔽法减少人员照射量 5.4 Applicable Regulatory Requirements for Surveys, Posting, and Control of Radiation and High Radiation Areas. 辐射和强辐射区
7、的监测标志和控制的管理制度 6 Exposure Devices 辐射设备 6.1 Daily Inspection and Maintenance 辐射设备的日常检查和维护 6.2 The radiation and exposure limitation of the Gamma-Ray exposure device 源曝光装置的辐射曝光限制 6.3 Identification of the exposure device 曝光装置的标识 6.4 Use of Collimators to Reduce Personnel Exposure 用准直器减少人员受辐照量 7 Regulat
8、ions 辐射防护法规 7.1 License Reciprocity 放射工作许可证 7.2 Qualification Requirements for Radiography Personnel 射线照相人员的资格评定要求 7.3 Regulatory Requirements for X-Ray Machines (State Tenth Value Layers 半值层；1/10值层 5.8 Inverse-Square Law 平方反比律 6 Biological Effects of Radiation 辐射生物效应 6.1 “Natural” Background Radiat
9、ion “天然”背景辐射 6.2 The Unit of Radiation Dose-Rem 辐射剂量单位雷姆 6.3 The Difference between Radiation and Contamination 辐射和污染间的差异 6.4 Allowable Personnel-Exposure Limits and the Accumulated Dose 人体允许的辐射剂量和累积剂量 6.5 Theory of Allowable Dose 允许剂量的理论 6.6 Radiation Damage-Repair Concept 辐射损伤：恢复原理 6.7 Symptoms of
10、 Radiation Injury 辐射损伤的症状 6.8 Acute Radiation Exposure and Somatic Injury 强烈的照射量和身体损伤 6.9 Personnel Monitoring for Tracking Exposure 人体受辐射的监查 6.10 Organ Radiosensitivity 器官的放射敏感度 7 Radiation Detection 辐射检测 7.1 The Pocket Dosimeter 袖珍剂量仪 7.2 Difference Between Dose and Dose Rate 剂量和剂量率的差别 7.3 Survey
11、Instruments 测量仪器 7.3.1 Geiger-Muller tube 盖革-米勒管 7.3.2 Ionization chambers 电离室 7.3.3 Scintillation chambers, counters 闪烁室,计数器 7.4 Film Badge 胶片剂量计 7.5 TLD (Thermoluminescent Dosimeters) 热致发光剂量计（TLD） 7.6 Calibration 校准 8 Exposure Devices and Radiation Sources 曝光装置和辐射源 8.1 Radioisotope Source 放射性同位素源
12、8.1.1 Sealed-source Design and Fabrication 密封源的设计和制造 8.1.2 Gamma-ray sources 射线源 8.1.3 Beta-ray and Bremsstrahlung sources 射线和韧致辐射源 8.1.4 Netron sources 中子源 8.2 Radioisotope Exposure Device Characteriatics 放射性同位素曝光装置特性 8.3 Electronic Radiation Sources-500 keV and less Low Energy 能量 500 keV的电子辐射源 8.3
13、.1 Generator-high-voltage Rectifiers 高压整流发生器 8.3.2 X-ray tube design and fabrication X射线管的设计和制造 8.3.3 X-ray control circuits X射线控制电路 8.3.4 Accelerating potential 加速电压 8.3.5 Target Material and Fabrication 靶的材料和结构 8.3.6 Heat dissipation device 散热装置 8.3.7 Duty cycle 负载周期 8.3.8 Beam Filtration 射线束的过滤 2
14、* 3* Total Hours of Instruction this Course (B) 20hr 15hr 大纲 B 培训学时 20小时 15小时 C、Radiographic Technique CourseC、Radiographic Technique Course 射线照相技术射线照相技术 1 Introduction 引言 1.1 The Process of Radiography 射线照相过程 1.2 Type of Electromagnetic Radiation Sources 电磁辐射源的种类 1.3 Electromagnetic Spectrum 电磁频谱 1
15、.4 Penetrating Ability or “Quality” of X-Rays and Gamma Rays X射线、射线的穿透或“线质” 1.5 Spectrum of X-Ray Tube Sources X射线管源的频谱 1.6 Spectrum of Gamma-Radioisotope Source 放射线射线的频谱 1.7 X-Ray Tube-Change of mA or kV, Effect on “Quality” and Intensity X射线管毫安值或千伏值变化对线质和强度的影响 2 Basic Principles of Radiography 射线照
16、相的基本原理 2.1 Geometric Exposure Principles 几何曝光原理 2.1.1 “Shadow” Formation and Distortion “阴影”成像和畸变 2.1.2 Shadow Enlargement Calculation 阴影放大计算 2.1.3 Shadow sharpness 阴影清晰度 2.1.4 Geometric Unsharpness 几何不清晰度 2.1.5 Finding Defect Depth 缺陷深度测定 2.2 Radiographic Screens 射线照相增感屏 2.2.1 Lead foil Intensifying screens 铅箔增感屏 2.2.2 Fluorescent Intensifying screens 荧光增感屏 2.2.3 Intensifying Factors 增感系数
