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1、Translation,大学英语四级考试中的翻译题，名为翻译，实为补全句子，考查语法结构和词组运用的知识。每句只涉及20个左右的英语词汇，需填入的部分也只有5到10个单词，其中隐含着考生应当把握的句型、语法、词汇和固定搭配等知识点。,一. 固定搭配,这是翻译中的最为核心的考点,也是近几次四级考试以来命题密度最高的考点,应该引起考生的高度重视:如名词与动词的搭配、形容词与名词的搭配、名词与介词的搭配。其中更为重要的是常见的固定表达,这些都可能成为考试的命题重点。,请看下面的真题例子：,1) Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is n
2、ot easy to _ (适应不同文化中的生活). (CET-4, 2006.12.) 解题步骤 由it is not easy to可以推出，划线处应该接动词原形。“适应不同文化的生活”，其核心谓语动词是“适应”，即adapt，由此联想到其常用搭配adapt to, adapt oneself to；“生活”，life；“不同文化”，different cultures。 重新整合 adapt oneself to life in different cultures 正确答案 adapt oneself to life / living in different cultures 考查知
3、识点 固定搭配adapt oneself to sth / doing sth,“使适应”。,以下是2010年-2006年翻译部分所考的固定搭配：,1. (2010年6月) Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty (in) concentrating /focusing on the experiment (集中注意力在实验上).,解析：此处考一个短语“集中注意力在上”和固定 搭配have difficulty (in) doing sth.,have difficulty (in) doing sth 短语09年和06
4、年都 有考,(2009年6月) Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had much difficulty (in) catching up with his classmates (很难跟上班里的同学) in math and English.,这里要注意much表示程度， 翻译才准确。,(2006年6月) Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble (in) finding the / his way to the History Mus
5、eum (找到去历史博物馆的路).,be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事 have trouble/ difficulty (in) doing sth 在做某事方面有困难 have pleasure (in) doing sth在做某事方面有乐趣 There no point/sense (in) doing sth做某事没有用，没有意义 be/get used/accustomed to doing 习惯于做 spend (时间、钱、精力) (in) doing sth cant help doing sth 情不自禁做某事,2. (2009年12月) Productio
6、n has to be increased considerably to keep pace with the constantly increasing demands of consumers (与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步).,解析：此处考一个固定短语“与保持同步”。 “不断增长的” 也可用constantly rising/growing.,3. (2009年12月) The more exercise you take, the less likely you are to catch a cold (你越不大可能得感冒).,解析：由题干中的 The more可知， 所译部分要用
7、 “the + 比较级”结构.另外还有两个固定短语 be likely to do sth. 和catch a cold.,“the +比较级，the + 比较级” 表示一方的程度随 着另一方的变化而变化。06年也有考查这一搭配。,4. (2006年6月) The more you explain, the more confused I am (我愈糊涂).,5. (2009年6月) It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are more likely to put on weight (更有可能增加体重).,解
8、析： “更有可能做某事” be more likely to do sth “不那么可能做某事” be less likely to do sth,6. (2009年6月) The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is closely related to the lack of exercise (与缺乏锻炼密切相关).,解析：“与密切相关” be closely related to,7. (2007年12月) Thanks to a series of new inventions (多亏了一系列的新发明)，
9、doctors can treat this disease successfully.,解析： “多亏了” 含感谢意味，并且表示原因，用 thanks to ,“一系列” a series of,表示原因的介词短语：due to owing to because of,8. (2007年6月) :The finding of this study failed to take peoples sleep quality / quality of sleep into account / consideration (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).,解析：此题考查两个固定搭配:1) fail t
10、o do sth(未做); 2) take sth into account / consideration 将 考虑在内。,9. (2006年12月) :Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to adapt oneself to the life / living in different cultures (适应不同文化中的生活).,解析：此题考查固定搭配:adapt oneself to sth / doing sth,意为适应。,常考的以动词为中心的固定搭配,add to 增加 apply to 申请
11、，请求 count onupon 依靠，指望 deal with 解决，处理，应付 live up to 符合，不辜负(期望)；遵守，实践(诺言、原则等) prepare for 为做准备 depend on 取决于，视而定；依靠，依赖；信赖，相信 devote oneself to sth 献身于某事物 cannotcouldnt help doing 禁不住；不能避免 look forward to盼望，期待,prevent sb / sth from doing sth 预防，防止，阻止 separate sb / sth from sb / sth 把与隔离 / 区分开来 come u
12、p with 提出，提供，想出 get down to 开始认真处理，着手做 go in for 从事，参加；爱好 make up for 补偿，弥补 put up with 容忍，忍受 run out of 用完，耗尽 yield to 服从，屈从，让步 owe sth to sb / sth; attribute sth to sth (把归因于),二.核心语法,这部分语法考点大多数是以前词汇语法考题部分考点的重现和转移,大家务必要重视。尽管词汇单选题现在不考了,但还是不能忽视这部分题目,因为考点是一致的。核心语法考点有虚拟语气、倒装结构、从句、非谓语动词等。,一. 虚拟语气,虚拟语气几乎
13、每一年必考。,(2010年12月) There would be no life on earth without/but for its unique environment(没有地球独特的环境)。,解析：空前的There would be提示，本句使用了虚拟语气，故“没有”可以翻译为表示虚拟条件的without或but for；,考点：常用的表示虚拟条件的介词短语还有in the absence of (如果没有)或were it not for(要是没有),2. (2010年12月) They requested that the book (that/which) I borrowed
14、 (should) be returned to the library (我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday,解析：request的用法。request v. 要求；当request表示“要求”时，引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即（should）+ 动词原形。定语从句。“我借的书”， the book (that) I borrowed；,考点： demand, require, request, propose, desire, suggest, recommend, urge, insist,等表示要求、建议、命令等意思 的词后面跟的宾语从句的谓语动词要用“should+
15、动词原形”,3. (2010年6月) It is suggested that the air conditioner (should) be fixed/installed by the window (要安装在窗户旁)。,解析：本题考查It is suggested that结构中主语从句中要用虚拟语气的用法，即should + 动词原形，should可以省略。此处还要注意隐性被动。,4. (2006年6月) The professor required that we (should) hand in our research report (我们交研究报告) by Wednesday.
16、,5. (2009年12月) You would not have failed if you had followed my instructions (按照我的指令去做).,解析：would not have failed 提示， 从句应采用“had+过去分词”的结构。,考点：在if非真实虚拟条件句中，若主句用“would+have+ 过去分词”，则从句用“had+过去分词”，表示对过去事实 相反的假设。,6. (2009年6月) If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary _(就不会被大雨淋湿了).,wouldnt have been caught by the rain,7. (2006年12月) The victim _ (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in ti
