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1、,作文评分标准 2分条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或在部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。 5分基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。 8分基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。 11分切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。 14分切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错误。 P.S.: 1.达不到规定词数的要酌情扣15分。（注意：题目中所给的起始句、主题句、结束句，不计入所写字数。） 2 .规定为三段式的作文，只写一段为04分， 只写2段为09分。,应该注意的问题,1.一般作文的给
2、分分为0分，2分，5分，8分，11分和14分这几段。所以给改卷老师的第一印象很重要，可以直接影响给分的分段。大家首先一定要注意自己的书写工整干净，还有一定要写出一个清楚的三段式。如果写一段最多得到4-5分，如果写了2段最多也只能得到6-7分。所以作文的框架和书写是让老师给你一个不错分植段的关键之关键。,2.中英文段落的区别,1、英文文章表意较直接，喜欢直奔主题。中文文章表意较含蓄； 2、中文文章更个人感情色彩。英文文章读起来显得更为客观。 3、英文作者多以引述事实、数据等来支持自己的观点。中文作者常以谚语、格言来支持自己的观点。 4、中文很强调文章的寓意，英文则不然。,5、中文中设问句出现的频
3、率比英文多一些。 6、汉语的表达习惯是把信息重点置于句末，把时间、条件、原因等解释性的信息放在句首；英文一般是先表态度，后给分析；先下结论，后叙原因。,3. 作文的结构,1） Beginning The topic sentence states the main idea of the paragraph. It is often the first sentence of the paragraph. Introduction states the main idea of the whole composition. The main idea sentence is usually a
4、t the end of the introduction.,2） Middle Part The supporting sentences develop the main idea specifically. Body paragraphs develop the main idea point by point. 3) Ending The concluding sentence restates or summarizes the topic sentence. Conclusion restates or summarizes the main idea of the essay.,
5、4. 引言段的写作,引言，即文章的第一段，它可以是一句话，也可以是一段话。引言有四个作用：吸引读者；向读者介绍本文要讨论的主题；介绍本主题的背景和本文的布局。,1) 演绎法 将主题句放在段首。开门见山推出文章主题，使读者对文章将要讨论的内容一目了然，然后列举文章所要讨论的细节。这些细节排列决定了文章的正文内容的安排，这符合人类从概念到具体的思维模式。,English is among the most difficult subjects to learn. First, English pronunciation is quite different from that of Chinese
6、. Second, it has a large vocabulary. Finally, idioms are really troublesome.,2)设问,既提出问题来引出文章主题，以吸引读者注意力。 Are you afraid of high places or water? If so, you suffer from one of the more common phobias(恐惧, 厌恶 ), which are strong, persistent(持续的; 不断的,连绵的,反复出现的 ), but unreasonable fears. The fear of high
7、 places and water are only two of the more than seven hundred phobias classified by psychologists.,3)引用名言,即摘录或引用格言、名句或谚语作为文章开头。 The old proverb, “Rome was not built in a day” reminds us that great things are never done without much time and labor. Before Rome was built, her founders had suffered a l
8、ot of difficulties, but they never lost their faith. Rome, the capital of the greatest empire in history and one of the most advanced cities nowadays, indeed was built through the labor of many great men who had strived against difficulties.,4) 定义,当所论述主题的基本概念比较抽象或读者不大熟悉时，通常用定义法作必要的解释说明。 Intelligence
9、 refers to a mans ability to understand and learn. It may vary from person to person. Some people may become more intelligent while others may be less.,5) 数据,列举醒目的数据或资料引起读者的注意，然后进入主题。 In the past 15 years China has experienced an alarming (使人害怕的;扰乱人心的 ) increase in teenage smoking. According to a su
10、rvey, the number of smoking teenagers rose from 8 percent in 1982 to about 30 percent in 1998. The statistics look quite disturbing (引起烦恼的；令人不安的；引起恐慌的 ) and cause people to ask why.,5. 结尾段的写作,结尾段是对文章的归纳和总结,它可再次吸引读者并给读者留下深刻印象. 1) 重申主题 再次强调和肯定文章引言段中阐述的中心思想. 2) 归纳文章要点, 加深读者印象 In my opinion, a balance o
11、f these two kinds of activities might be more useful to those who live in retirement. In other words, physical activities are necessary for good health but intellectual recreation provides the most pleasure.,3) 提出建议,提供解决办法. On the whole, as a hobby, smoking will do you more harm than good. For your
12、own health, please keep away from smoking. 4)展望未来 However, it may be that we still have a long way to go before we have a clean world. Nearly all of the countries are trying hard to prevent and control air pollution. And as a task, people will continually find new ways to control pollution.,5) 引用格言、
13、谚语或习语总结全文. Not until then did I understand the meaning of the proverb, “ Helping others is the source of happiness.”,Agreement: 主语和谓语在人称、数上的一致，关系代词与先行词的一致。Ambiguity: 尽量不去使用可能引起歧义的词语或句子。Brief: 文章“简为贵”，要抓住要点，简明扼要。Coherence: 文理通顺，前后连贯。Development: 主题的发应展当充分、合理、正确。 Division: 词汇、句子、段落要分配使用得当，划分要清楚，避免使用重复
14、字句。Inflated diction: 不使用做作的语言。Key: 用适当的关键词突出主题，每段都应有主题句。Logical: 内容要符合逻辑。Message: 信息要新鲜、确实、可信。Omit: 合理删除多余的不必要部分。,Proposition: 主张、观点、论述要清楚肯切、合情入理。Punctuation: 正确适时使用标点符号。Relevant: 文章一定要与题目相关。Sentence pattern: 句型要尽量多样化。Straight: 开门见山，直来直去。Style: 文体恰切，适合内容要求。Tense: 动词时态要正确、一致、变化合理。Theme: 选题得当，主题突出 Chi
15、nglish: 中文式的英文,一.文章的开头。 1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, 适用于有争议性的主题.e.g 1. When it comes to . , some people believe that . Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements , but (I tend to the previous/latter ) 当涉及到.有些人认为.一些人则认
16、为/声称恰恰相反。可能两者的观点都有一定的道理，但(我更倾向于前/后）2. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that . They claim/ believe/argue that . But I wonder/doubt whether. 现在，它通常是/一般/普遍认为/承认，.他们声称/相信/认为.不过，我怀疑/怀疑.,1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 .e.g1. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of .has been brought into focus. ( has been brought to public attention) 最近，问题的问题/ .的现象已成为注意的焦点。 2.Inflation/Corruption/Soc
