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1、Section Grammar&Writing语法图解探究发现Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.If I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby right now.At the top of the school is the headmaster, known as the brain.I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article are fantastic!He is alwa
2、ys working in his lab, trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.For example, cloned animals are not very healthy they nearly always live brief, painful lives compared with ordinary animals.He was deeply moved by the moving story.我的发现(1)上述例句中加黑部分都是动词ed形式。(2)句和句中的动词ed形式都作定语。单个动词的ed
3、形式作定语时，要放在被修饰词之前，动词ed短语作定语时，则要放在被修饰词之后。(3)句中的动词ed形式作宾语补足语。(4)句、句和句中的动词ed形式在句中分别作原因状语、伴随状语和时间状语。(5)句中动词ed形式作表语，动词ing形式作定语，二者起到的都是形容词的作用，但在用法上有一定的区别。一、动词ed形式的构成和意义1动词ed形式的构成动词ed形式通常是由动词后加“ed”构成的，少数动词的ed形式有不规则变化形式。注意：动词ed形式无时态和语态的变化。2动词ed形式的意义及物动词的ed形式既表被动，又表完成；不及物动词的ed形式只表完成，不表被动。The books, written by
4、 Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people. 鲁迅写的这些书，受到了许多国人的喜爱。(表被动和完成)Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well. 他一康复就投身到他的工作中去并且尽一切努力把它做好。(只表完成)即时演练1判断下列过去分词属于哪一种用法A只表被动 B只表完成 C既表被动又表完成He is a man liked by all of us. AHe enjoys drinking boiled water.B Th
5、ose chosen as team members must be here at 7 am. tomorrow. C二、动词ed形式的句法功能1作定语(1)单个的动词ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面(left除外)，相当于一个形容词。The excited people rushed into the building.激动的人们奔进了大楼。We need more qualified teachers.我们需要更多合格的教师。(2)动词ed短语作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。The suggestion made by the foreign expert was
6、adopted by the manager.外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。(3)动词ed短语作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a great success.这次会议获得了很大的成功，共有一千名学生出席。名师点津动词ed形式作定语往往表示被动、完成；动词ing形式作定语表示主动、正在进行；不定式作定语则表示还未发生。The girl standing by the door is my daughter.在门口站着的那个女孩是我的女儿。The meeting to take
7、place here is very important.要在这里召开的会议很重要。即时演练2(1)用所给词的适当形式填空Have you got anything todo (do) this evening?Tell the children playing (play) outside not to make too much noise.All the broken (break) windows have been repaired.(2)完成句子上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。Our class went on anorganizedtrip last Monday. 污染了的
8、水和空气对人的健康有害。Thepollutedwater and air are harmful to peoples health.2作表语(1)动词ed形式作表语主要表示主语的心理或所处的状态。Dont touch the glass because it is broken.不要碰那个杯子因为它是破的。He felt disappointed after his request was refused.他的请求被拒绝后，他感到很失望。名师点津有的动词ed形式作表语，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted, disappointed, discouraged,
9、drunk, amused, astonished, hurt, interested, crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, puzzled, upset等。(2)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别。动词ed形式作表语，表示主语的性质、特征或状态。用作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态。此时的过去分词相当于一个形容词，其后常不跟by短语。被动语态的动词ed形式，被动意味很强，句子主语为动作的承受者，后常跟“by动作的执行者”。My grandfather was de
10、lighted to hear I passed my exams.我祖父听到我通过考试感到很高兴。The new tissues and organs are used to cure diseases by doctors.新的组织和器官被医生用来治疗疾病。即时演练3判断下列句子中黑体部分属于哪种结构A系表结构B被动语态We are interested in collecting stamps, raising birds and fishing.AMore than 200 people were trapped in the building by the big fire.BIm
11、a bit puzzled that I havent heard from Tom for so long.AWe were greatly moved by what Zhang Lili had done. B3作宾补动词ed形式作宾语补足语，其逻辑主语是句子的宾语。宾语与宾语补足语之间是被动关系。(1)后跟动词ed形式作宾语补足语的动词大致可分为以下三类：make, get, have, keep等使役动词。When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth examined?你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？see, hear, fe
12、el, find等表示感觉和心理状态的动词。She saw the thief caught by policemen.她看见小偷被警察抓住了。The old man found his hometown much changed.这位老人发现自己的家乡有了很大的变化。like, want, wish, order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词。The manager doesnt like such questions discussed at the meeting.经理不喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。(2)“with/without宾语宾语补足语”结构。With his homework
13、 done, he started to watch TV.作业完成后，他开始看电视。即时演练4用所给词的适当形式填空I heard my name called (call) in the street.He tried to make himself understood (understand) by his students in class.He wanted his name included (include) in the list.We must have our windows repaired (repair) before winter comes, or well f
14、reeze.With the task completed (complete), we had a global travelling.4作状语动词ed形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，在作用上相当于相应的状语从句。(1)表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。Accepted by the Party (After he was accepted by the Party), he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。(2)表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。Depre
15、ssed (Since he was depressed), he went to see his elder sister.他感到沮丧，就去拜访他姐姐了。(3)表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。Grown in rich soil (If they are grown in rich soil), these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。(4)表示让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。Exhausted by the running (Though/Although they were exhausted by the running), they went on running after the robber.尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，但他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。(5)表示方式或伴随情况。The old
