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1、1.Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.,2.English is spoken by many people .,3.The tickets about heroes are sold out .,4.Rice is planted in South China.,被动语态,语态,语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。 英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。 被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。 如： Many students study English.(主动语态) English
2、 is studied by many students. (被动语态),助动词be有人称、数的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时一样。 如：The desk is made of wood. The desks are made of wood.,被动语态的结构,助动词be+及物动词的过去分词,不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构,1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：,by many students.,主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.Many students study English.,English,is studied,2.They make shoes in that factory.,Sh
3、oes,are made,by them,in that factory.,主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。,2.把主动语态的谓语变为被动语态的谓语。,3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的by 短语。（ by短语可以省。 by短语 后跟代词的宾格。）,by the teacher.,3.The teacher often asks him questions.,He,is asked,questions,1. 找宾语 -即动作的承受者,They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,2. 判断宾语的单复数 -即be动词的单复数.,a
4、re,3. 判断动词的时态 -即be动词的时态.,4. 修改谓语的形式 -即原句动词改为过去分词,5. 修改原句的主语 -即by+ 宾语（原主语）.,by them.,主变被解题步骤,主变宾,宾变主, 谓动be done 时不变,人称、数、格随着变,made,They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on S
5、unday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,Practice,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday
6、.,Practice,肯定句：主语be + 过去分词(by ) 否定句：主语be not 过去分词(by ) 一般疑问句：Be 主语过去分词(by )? 特殊疑问句： 疑问词be主语过去分词 (by ),by many students.,English,is studied,by many students.,English,is not studied,句式,Is English studied by many students?,Who is English studied by?,1. They bought ten computers last term,by them last t
7、erm.,2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：,was/were +过去分词,last year.,2.We planted many trees last year.,Many trees,were planted,Ten computers,were bought,They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting.,The tall
8、building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by them.,3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：,will be+过去分词,1.They will finish the work in ten days.,by them in ten days.,The work,will be finished,2.T
9、om will clean the room tomorrow.,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,We will have a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be had by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by ch
10、ildren in the school tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：,can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,1.Amy can take good care of Gina ,by Amy.,Gina,can be taken good care of,2.You should drink more water.,More water,should be drunk,by you.,1.He can take care of the ba
11、by. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.,English should be learned well by them.,如：He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. （以
12、I做主语） A book was given to me by Tom. （以物book作主语）,被动语态的几种类型,1.带双宾语句子的被动语态. 常见的接双宾语的动词有: to: pass, give, teach, show, bring, hand for: make, buy, draw, sing, get,即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to.,1.I saw him play basketball last
13、 Sunday.,He,was seen,to play basketball last Sunday.,2.We heard them sing in the classroom.,They,were heard,to sing in the classroom.,2.感官动词和使役动词的被动语态,3.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态,They take good care of my child. My child is taken good care of . I turned off the radio. The radio was turned off (by me),下列这些短语本身即
14、是被动语态的形式，不需再加by be covered with 用覆盖着 be interested in 对感兴趣 be surprised at 对感到惊奇 be made of （from）用制造的,动词短语的被动语态 take care of be taken care of cut down be cut down laugh at be laughed at look afterbe looked after,（1）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词 时，不能改为被动语态。 We often help each other. 我们常常互相帮助。 （2）当谓语是表状态的及物动词时
15、（如have , like , take place , belong to ） 如： Great changes have taken place in our hometown.,5.不能用于被动语态的几种情况,把下列句子变成被动语态 A car knocked him down yesterday. 2）Two doctors and ten nurses make up of the medical team 3)Well put on the play next Sunday,He was knocked down by a car yesterday,The medical tea
16、m is made up of by two,Practice,The play will be put on next Sunday,填空（完成被动语态填空） 1. They often clean their classroom after school . （改为被动语态） Their classroom _ often _ by them after school. 2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . （同上） A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week .,is,cleaned,was given by,Practice,3. A lot of people in China can speak English now . （同上） English _ _
