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1、,名词性从句 主语从句,Revision,3. 什么叫名词性从句？,在复合句中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句.,1. 什么叫名词？,表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。,2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?,名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。,4. 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为_、_、_和_ 。,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,Subject Clauses主语从句,各种各样的主语,1）A tree has fallen across the road. 2）You are a student. 3）To live is to learn, to learn
2、 is to better live . 4） Smoking is bad for you. 5) It is certain that we will succeed. 6）That she is able to come makes us happy.,一、 定义,在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句叫主语从句。,e.g. What he did in the earthquake moved everybody.,主语,谓语,宾语,That China will become more powerful is certain.,主语,谓语,表语,从句,从句,二、引导主语从句三大连接词：,1、
3、 从属连词：that , whether,that 无词义,在从句中不作成分， 但不能省略,whether 意为“是否”，在从句中不作成分， 可放在句首或句末，但不可省略,e.g. she got the first prize made her parents very happy.,she will come or not is still a question.,无义,是否,That,Whether,练一练,1、_ we go there by train or by air is not clear. 2、_ she left him made him very sad.,Whethe
4、r,That,2、连接代词：,不可省略,e.g. Whatever you do should do no harm to others. 无论你做什么都不应该伤害别人。 Who will take his place is not important. 谁将代替他并不重要。,练一练,1、_ will host the meeting hasnt been decided. 2、_car runs faster should be tested. 3、_ comes to our school is welcome. 4、_ side will win is not clear.,Who,Wh
5、ose,Whoever,Which,3、连接副词：,不可省略,练一练,1、_ he didnt come yesterday is unknown. 2、_we will set up the factory should be discussed. 3、_ this happened is not clear.,Why,When/ Where,How / Why,三、用it 作形式主语的主语从句,由于主语从句太长，为了避免头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.,常用句型如下： It+ be +名词+ that 从句 It+ be + 形容词+ that从句 It+ b
6、e + 过去分词+ that从句 It+ 不及物动词+ that从句 It + 及物动词+ 宾语+ that 从句,(1) It + be + 形容词 that从句,It is necessary that 有必要 It is important that . 重要的是 It is obvious that 很明显,(2) It + be + 名词 that从句,It is a pity that 很遗憾 It is a surprise that . 令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 事实是,(3) It + be + 过去分词 that从句,It is believed/s
7、aid that 人们相信 It is known to us/all that . 众所周知 It is reported that 据报道,(4) It + 不及物动词 that从句,It appears that 似乎 It happens that . 碰巧,(5) It + 及物动词 宾语+ that从句,It worried her that 让她担心的是 It shocked me that . 让我震惊的是,1、That we cant go to see the movie on the weekend is a pity. 2、That his memory was bec
8、oming worse worried him a lot .,It is a pity that we cant go to see the movie on the weekend.,It worried him a lot that his memory was becoming worse.,用it 作形式主语来改写下面的句子,改错,1、That is widely believed that smoking can cause cancer. 2、It is suggested that we will hold a meeting next week .,It （作形式主语）,解析
9、：过去分词如果是suggested , ordered, requested 等表示建议，命令，请求等的词时，主语从句应用虚拟 语气，即“(should) + 动词原形”,(should) hold,四、 主语从句中应注意的问题,1、从句的语序要用陈述句的语序。,e.g. remains a mystery. 他为什么做那件事依然是个谜。,Why he did it,2、 从句做主语时，主句谓语动词的单复数,单个主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数,e.g. When we shall have our sports meeting not been decided yet.,由两个或多个连接词引
10、导一个主语从句时， 谓语动词也用单数,e.g. When and where we shall have our sports meeting not been decided yet.,has,has,如果用and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句 做主语时，谓语动词用复数,e.g. When they will start and where they will go not been decided yet.,have,注意,what 和who 引导主语从句时，主句谓语 的数应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。,What I need _ money. What I need _ books.,
11、is,are,Who you will go with _ Lucy. Who you will go with _ the twins.,is,are,3、whether 引导的主语从句,如果用了 形式主语it ,引导词whether 可以换成if , 如果whether 从句在句首或后面有or not 时,不能换成if.,Whether they will sell the house is not decided yet. It is not decided yet whether they will sell the house.,不可用if替换,可用if替换,练习,_ leaves
12、the room last ought to turn off the light. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Which,2. _ he has become a rich man is known to all in our town. A. Because B. That C. / D. What,3. _ I need is more time. A. That B. What C. / D. Which,4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. IfB. Whether C. ThatD. Where,5. _ Jack looked so excited is not clear. A. That B. Where C. when D. why,6. _ that we will go shopping this afternoon. A. It is a good idea B. It is a pity C. That is a good idea D. That is a pity,
