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1、节日类:1.年节买年货:special purchases for the Spring Festival红包:red packets / red envelope舞狮:lion dance舞龙:dragon dance除夕:Chinese New Years Eve/ Eve of the Spring Festival春晚:Spring Festival Gala烟花爆竹:fireworks and firecrackers守岁:staying-up拜年:give New Years greetings/ New Years visit去晦气:get rid of the ill-fort
2、une压岁钱:gift money/ money given to children as a lunar New Year gift除旧岁:bid farewell to the old year春联:(Spring Festival) couplets年画:New Year painting庙会:temple fair元宵节:Lantern Festival元宵:Tangyuan/ sweet rice dumpling灯谜:lantern riddle全家团圆:family reunion2.清明清明节:Tomb-sweeping Day/ Qingming Festival/ Chin
3、g Ming/ Chinese Memorial Day/Ancestors Day寒食:Cold Food Festival/ Hanshi Day/ the day before Pure Brightness when only cold food is served扫墓:sweep a grave/ pay respect to a dead person at his tomb/ visit ones grave祭祀:offer sacrifices. to the gods or the spirits of the dead纸钱:spiritual money先人:ancesto
4、r/ forefather踏青:have an outing in spring青团:Qingtuan: green dumplings made of glutinous rice and barley grass出行高峰:travel peak3.端午端午节:Dragon Boat Festival粽子:zongzi, pyramid-shaped dumplings made of glutinous rice, stuffed with different fillings and wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves雄黄酒:realgar wine赛龙舟:
5、dragon boat race佩香囊:wear a sachet. They first sew little bags with colorful silk cloth, then fill the bags with perfumes or herbal medicines, and finally string them with silk thread.系五彩线:tie five colored rings驱五毒:drive away the five poisonous creatures/ drive away poisonous pests, includingscorpion
6、s, vipers, centipedes, house lizards andtoads.游百病:prevent disease by having fun/ Entertainment for all is said to ward off disease.农历五月初五:the 5th day of the 5th month of the traditional Chinese calendar楚国:the antient state of Chu投江自尽:drown oneself纪念:commemorate菖蒲:calamus艾草:wormwood驱邪避疫:prevent disea
7、se or evil4.中秋及其他中秋节:Mid-Autumn Festival月饼:moon cake赏月:watch and admire the moon皎洁:(of moonlight) bright and clean玉兔:Jade Rabbit嫦娥:Change中元节:Ghost Festival七夕:Magpie Festival重阳节:Double Ninth Festival5.节气及其他节气:seasonal division points立春:spring begins惊鸷:insects awaken雨水:the rains春分:vernal equinox谷雨:gra
8、in rain立夏:summer begins小满:lesser fullness芒种:grain in ear夏至:summer solstice小暑:sight heat大暑:great heat立秋:autumn begins处暑:end of heat白露:white dew秋分:autumn equinox寒露:cold dews霜降:hoar-frost falls立冬:winter begins小雪:light snow大雪:heavy snow冬至:winter solstice小寒:slight coldness大寒:great coldness地支:Earthly Bran
9、ch天干:Heavenly Stem生肖:Chinese zodiac阴历:solar calendar闰年:leap year文学思想类:儒家文化:Confucian culture儒家学派:Confucianism孔子:Confucius孟子:Mencius四书:the Four Books五经:the Five Classics诗经:The Book of Songs史记:Historical Records/ Records of the Grand Historian西游记:The Journey to the West水浒传:Water Margin红楼梦:A Dream in R
10、ed Mansions工艺器物类:中国古代四大发明:the four great inventions of ancient China火药:gunpowder造纸术:paper-making印刷术:printing指南针:compass瓷器:porcelain/ china陶器:pottery/ earthenware漆器:lacquer玉石:jade唐三彩:tricolor glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝:cloisonn enamel蜡染:batik旗袍:cheongsam唐装:Tang Suit中国结:Chinese knot亭/阁:pavi
11、lion/ attic刺绣:embroidery虎头鞋:tiger-head-shoes宫灯:palace lantern木/石/竹刻:wood/ stone/ bamboo carving木刻画:wood engraving泥人儿:clay figure剪纸:paper cut皮影:shadow puppet双面绣:two-sided embroidery檀香扇:sandalwood fan微雕:miniature engraving象牙雕刻:ivory carving书法绘画类:甲骨文:inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells of the Shan
12、g Dynasty象形文字:pictograms/ pictographic characters偏旁:radical繁体字:traditional Chinese characters书法:calligraphy楷书:regular script麦秸画:straw patchwork漆画:lacquer painting中国画:Chinese painting水墨画:Chinese brush drawing / ink and wash painting文人画:literati painting仕女画:traditional Chinese painting of beautiful wo
13、men吴派山水:Wu school landscape金碧山水:gold-andgreen landscape草虫画:grasses and insects painting泼墨山水:splashed ink landscape气韵:spirit and charm/ tone侧锋:brush-side technique笔法:brush style写意画:free sketch/ freehand brushwork文房四宝(笔墨纸砚):the four treasure of the study, brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone印/玺:seal
14、/ stamp篆刻:seal cutting拓碑:making rubbings from inscriptions/ pictures on stone tablets拓片:rubbing历史类:春秋 the Spring and Autumn Period战国:Warring States丝绸之路:Silk Road鸦片战争:the Opium War辛亥革命:the Revolution of 1911大跃进:Great Leap Forward (Movement)四人帮:Gang of Four文化大革命:Cultural Revolution红卫兵:Red Guard太监:eunu
15、ch缠足:foot-binding生活习俗类:民俗:folkways四合院:Siheyuan/ Quadrangle风水:Fengshui/ Geomantic Omen红白喜事:weddings and funerals集体舞:group dance小吃摊:snack bar/ snack stand茶馆:teahouse/ teabar铁饭碗:iron bowl结婚证:marriage certificate剩女:leftover woman古装片:costume drama武打片:Chinese swordplay movie戏曲:traditional opera杂耍:vaudevil
16、le京剧:Beijing Opera/Peking Opera京剧脸谱:types of facial makeup in Beijing opera生:male characters末:middle-aged male characters净:”painted face” characters旦:female characters丑:clown秦腔:Qin Opera相声:cross-talk/ comic dialogue电视小品:TV sketch/ TV skit太极拳:Tai Chi/ shadowboxing门当户对:perfect match/ exact match门神:door gods对联:poetic couplet龙图腾:the dragon totem中医:traditional Chinese medicine针灸:acupuncture国家中医药管理局:State Administration of TCM Pharmacology社会政治类:一国两制:one countr