《句子结构之简单句课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《句子结构之简单句课件（38页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2020/8/23,1,2020/8/23,2,Im a big big girl in a big big world Its not a big big thing if you leave me，but I do do feel that I too too will miss you much .,简单句,复合句,并列句,2020/8/23,3,句子结构之：简单句,2020/8/23,4,2020/8/23,5,英语简单句的五种基本句型,Basic Sentence Patterns,2020/8/23,6,英语简单句五种基本句型： 1.主系表 (+ ) 2.主谓 (+i) 3.主谓宾
2、 (+t+ ) 4.主谓间宾直宾 (+t+I+D） 5.主谓宾宾补 (+t + +),2020/8/23,7,1.主语+系动词+表语（ S+V+P ） 表语说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份。,1.表状态： be, seem, appear； 2.表感官 look, smell, taste, feel, sound； 3.表延续： remain, stay, keep； 4.表变化： become, get, turn, go, run, fall, grow,此句型的句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词
3、。,2020/8/23,8,例句： They are good friends. （名词） over there. （地点副词） in the classroom. （介词短语） happy. （形容词） My hobby is collecting stamps. （动名词） My job is to clean the table. （不定式） My dream is that I want to be a astronaut. (从句) The boss seems happy. （形容词) (表状态） The cake tastes delicious. （形容词) (表感觉） The
4、 water stays still. （形容词) (表延续） The potatoes went bad. （形容词) (表变化）,be,2020/8/23,9,练习,1今天我感觉不太舒服。 2 他看上去很累。 3 你的汤味道很好。 4 她似乎对计划不感兴趣。,I dont feel very well today.,He looks very tired.,Your soup tastes very good.,She doesnt seem very interested in the plan.,2020/8/23,10,5 天越来越冷了。 6 孩子不久就睡着了。 7 他长得相当高了。
5、 8 听到这消息她脸色变得苍白。,Its getting cold.,Soon the child fell asleep.,She went pale at the news.,He has grown quite tall.,2020/8/23,11,2.主语+谓语 ( S + Vi. ) 谓语为不及物动词,1. Time flies. 2. We eat and drink. 3. They talked for half an hour. 4. He is playing. 5. The moon will rise. 6. They have gone.,此句型的句子的谓语动词都能表
6、达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、 介词短语、状语从句等。,2020/8/23,12,练习,1鸟在飞翔。 2她的宝宝在哭。 3太阳正在落山。 4谁也没笑。,Birds are flying.,Her baby is crying.,The sun is setting.,No one laughed.,2020/8/23,13,练习2,5你唱得很美。 6 我咳了一夜。 7 我们很少在外边吃饭。 8 昨天发生了事故。,You sing beautifully.,I coughed all night.,We seldom eat out.,The accident happ
7、ened yesterday.,2020/8/23,14,常用的不及物动词（vi.) run, swim, jump, rise, laugh, fly, come, go, happen等。 属性动词: wash, sell, wear, read, write等与well, easily等副词连用，也构成主谓。,2020/8/23,15,宾语(即动作的承受者)成分的多样化： 名词，代词，不定式，动名词,宾从等。,1. I like English very much. （名词） 2. I saw him in the street. （代词） 3. She likes swimming.
8、（动名词） 4. The girl wanted to go home . （不定式） 5. They have decided where to go . （疑问式不定式） 6. I dont know if he can come tomorrow（宾从）,3.主语+谓语+宾语（S+Vt+O）,此句型句子的共同特点是谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。,复合句,2020/8/23,16,练习1,1她正在唱英文歌曲。 2 他在考试中犯了一些错误。 3 Tom已经完成了家庭作业。,She is s
9、inging an English song.,He made some mistakes in the exam.,Tom has finished his homework.,2020/8/23,17,4 我十分欣赏你们的表演。 5 他每天放学后打篮球。 6 昨晚8:00他正在看电视。 7 我们总是交换圣诞节礼物的。,I enjoyed your performance.,He plays basketball after school every day.,We always exchange Christmas gifts.,He was watching TV at 8:00 las
10、t night.,2020/8/23,18,4.主谓间宾（人）直宾（物） (+t+I+D） 如果先说直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），要借助于介词to或for。 He passed me the dictionary? （ IO ）（ D） He passed the dictionary to me. She bought me a beautiful dress. （ IO ）（ D） She bought a beautiful dress for me.,此类常见动词：pass，show, give, lend, hand, offer, tell, send, bring等,此类
11、常见动词：buy, cook, get, make, sing等。,2020/8/23,19,take, give, teach, bring, lend, mail, offer, pass, hand, sell, send, show, throw,do, buy, cook, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，save, sing,2020/8/23,20,练习,1 她给我们唱了一首英文歌曲。 2 我去给你沏点新鲜茶。 3 这会省去你很多麻烦。 4 请帮我把今天的报纸拿来。,She sang us an En
12、glish song.,Ill make you some fresh tea.,That will save you a lot of trouble.,Please fetch me todays paper.,2020/8/23,21,4 把车钥匙递给我。 5 把你们的计划给我们看看。 6 我爸爸给我买了一台电脑。 7 把那本书扔给我。,Hand me the car key.,Please show us your plans.,Throw me that book.,My father bought me a computer.,2020/8/23,22,5.主谓宾宾补 (+t +)
13、 宾语与宾语补足语（复合宾语）之间有逻辑上的主谓或主表关系。若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。 1. They made Tom monitor. (名词) 2. The sun keeps us warm. (形容词) 3. He had his radio on. (副词) 4. I found him at home. (介词短语) 5. I heard him singing. (现在分词) 6. You must get your hair cut. (过去分词) 7. We saw him jump into the box. (动词原形) 8. I want you to tell
14、 me the truth. (动词不定式),ask, expect, advise, want , tell, warn, encourage think, consider, believe ,find see, hear, notice, feel make, get, , have, leave, keep,带复合宾语的几类动词：,2020/8/23,23,练习1,1我们把门漆成了黄色。 2 老师鼓励我努力学习。 3 他发现这工作很有意思。 4 什么使你这样生气？,We painted the door yellow.,The teacher encouraged me to stud
15、y hard.,He found the job quite interesting.,What made you so angry?,2020/8/23,24,5 我们必须在半小时内把晚饭做好。 6 你们必须保持房间干净。 7 我发现看电视很有趣。 8 他请人修了他的电脑。,We must get the supper ready in half an hour.,You must keep the room clean.,He had his computer repaired.,I found watching TV interesting.,2020/8/23,25,练习一：判断下列简
16、单句是属于哪种句型。 A 1.Plants need water. S+V+O ( 主 + 谓+ 宾 ) 2.The flower is so fresh. S +V +P (主 + 系 + 表) 3.They work hard. S +V (主 + 谓 ) 4.He gives me some seeds. S +V +In O + DO (主 + 谓 +间宾+直宾 ) 5.We should keep the plants in the shade. S+V +O +OC (主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补),2020/8/23,26,B 6. He got angry. 7. He got up. 8. You will get a surprise. 9. He got his shoes wet. 10. He got her a pres
