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1、Thomas Hardy (1840-1928),KEY POINTS: English poet and novelist, Spanning two centuries imaginary country “Wessex”. stoical pessimism sense of tragedy in human life.,Contents,Brief Introduction Major Works Tess of the DUrbervilles,Born: 2 June 1840 Died: 11 January 1928 Occupation : 1. architect 2. w
2、riter (Naturalist, Novelist, Poet, and Short Story writer) a famous critical realistic writer the last important novelist of the Victorian age,born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a builder.,From his father he gained an appreciation of music From his mother,
3、 had an appetite for learning and the delights of the countryside about his rural home.,Childhood Hardy was frail as a child, and did not start at the village school until he was 8. One year later, he transferred to a new school in the county town of Dorchester. At 16, he was apprenticed to a local
4、architect.,Adulthood: Hardy later moved to London to work as an architect. At 22 He began writing, but his poems were rejected by a number of publishers. 1867, Although he enjoyed life in London, Hardys health was poor, and he was forced to return to Dorset.,Because of marriage, he began to write po
5、ems and novels, which idealized the rural life. Tess(1891) and Jude(1896) shocked British pruderies and Hardy was terribly abused for being “filthy”. Hardy announced in 1896 that Jude was his last novel, and turned with relief to the writing of poetry. Hardys final years were full of honors. He died
6、 in 1928.,Because most of Hardys novels take place in the partly-real, partly-dream county of Wessex (named after the Anglo-Saxon kingdom which existed in the area), Wessex Novel(威塞克斯小说）,He explored tragic characters struggling against their passions & social circumstances & set his fictions in the
7、semi-fictional land of Wessex where he grew up .,This Class is about peoples pursuit to happiness and awareness of their dreams, reflecting the acute conflicts between people and the environment around them.,Hardys First Wife,Emma Gifford : a woman of high social status. She had a very interesting p
8、ersonality and was always remember by visitors to the Hardy household. She died in 1912.,Second wife Hardys nurse, companion and fan.,In 1914, Hardy married his secretary Florence Emily Dugdale, Due to Florences care, Hardy could remain healthy and continue his writing career.,His Major Works,Hardy
9、himself divided his novels into three groups: 1. Novels of Character & Environment 2.Novels of Romances & Fantasies 3.Novels of Ingenuity,1. Novels of Character and Environment（性格与环境小说）,The Poor Man and the Lady 穷汉与贵妇人 (1867, unpublished and lost) Under the Greenwood Tree(1872) 绿树荫下 Far from the Mad
10、ding Crowd(1874) 远离尘嚣 The Mayor of Casterbridge(1886) 卡斯特桥市长 Tess of the dUrbervilles(1891) 德伯家的苔丝 Jude the Obscure(1895) 无名的裘德,2.Romances and Fantasies（传奇与幻想小说）,A Pair of Blue Eyes(1873) 一双蓝眼睛 Two on a Tower(1882) 塔里的两个人 The Well-Beloved(1897) 心爱的人 (first published as a serial from 1892) mainly tal
11、k about romantic love stories.,3.Novels of Ingenuity（机巧和实验小说 ）,Desperate Remedies(1871)铤而走险 The Hand of Ethelberta(1876) 埃塞尔伯塔的婚姻 A Laodicean(1881) 冷漠的人,Tess of the dUrbervilles (1891) and Jude the Obscure (1895) -his last long fiction works. The last novels: challenged the sensibilities of Victoria
12、n readers with situations that ruffled many a Victorian feather: immoral sex, murder, illegitimate children, and the unmarried living together. Heated debate and criticism over these two books helped Hardy decide that he would rather write poetry.,Tess of The DUrbervilles,It came into conflict with Victorian morality. It explored the dark side of his family connections in Berkshire.,Thank you!,
