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1、 Prevention of Experimental Coronavirus Colds with Intranasal -2b Interferon Author(s): Ronald B. Turner, Alma Felton, Kenneth Kosak, Douglas K. Kelsey and Carlton K. Meschievitz Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 154, No. 3 (Sep., 1986), pp. 443-447 Published by: Oxford University Pre
2、ss Stable URL: http:/www.jstor.org/stable/30104906 Accessed: 14-10-2016 04:12 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase p
3、roductivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact supportjstor.org. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms and the Schering Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey Fifty-five volunteers treated with either intranasal recom
4、binant interferon (rIFN; 2 x 106 lU/day) or placebo for 15 days were exposed to coronavirus by direct intranasal in- oculation on the eighth day of treatment. Symptom scores were recorded, and cultures of virus were taken daily for all volunteers for seven days after inoculation. Nineteen (73o) of t
5、he 26 placebo recipients met symptom-score criteria for a cold, compared with 12 (410) of the IFN recipients (P = .02). The mean nasal symptom scores in the placebo and IFN groups were 9.2 and 5.4, respectively (P = .03), and the mean total symptom scores in the two groups were 23.2 and 9.4, respect
6、ively (P = .003). The mean number of days with a total symptom score was 1.6 in the placebo recipients and 0.5 in the rIFN recipients (P = .02). Prophylactic intranasal rIFN effectively shortened the dura- tion and reduced the severity of coronavirus cold symptoms. Common colds occcur an average of
7、two to four times per year per adult and six to 10 times per year per child 1, 2. Recent studies have examined the efficacy of interferon prophylaxis for prevention of colds in the family setting 3, 4. These studies indi- cate that rhinovirus colds can be effectively prevent- ed. The effect on total
8、 respiratory illness, however, is less impressive and suggests that a major impact on the incidence of the common cold will require preventing infections caused by other viral pathogens. Coronaviruses are believed to be responsible for at least 100 of upper-respiratory-tract illnesses 5, although in
9、formation about coronavirus epidemi- ology is limited by the lack of reliable methods of isolating virus from clinical specimens. A recent re- port 6 suggests that several immunologically dis- tinct strains of coronavirus exist that are capable of causing human respiratory tract infections. Infectio
10、n confers protection to the homologous strain of vi- rus; however, the duration of this immunity is not Received for publication 13 November 1985, and in revised form 7 April 1986. Informed written consent was obtained from all volunteers. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of
11、the University of Utah and was conducted according to the guide- lines of the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. This work was supported by the Schering Corporation, Kenil- worth, New Jersey. Please address requests for reprints to Dr. Ronald B. Turner, Department of Pediatrics, Universi
12、ty of Utah School of Medi- cine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132. known. The existence of several viral strains and the uncertainty about the possibility of reinfection sug- gest that prevention of coronavirus infection by ac- tive immunization will be difficult. A previous study 7 and the observation th
13、at coronavirus 229E is sen- sitive to recombinant human a-2b interferon (rIFN) in vitro (authors unpublished observations) suggest that intranasal interferon may be useful for treating or preventing coronavirus colds. The purpose of this randomized, double-blind study was to determine the efficacy o
14、f rIFN in preventing coronavirus colds in human volunteers. Subjects and Methods Volunteers. Healthy young adult volunteers were recruited from the University of Utah. Individuals who reported upper-respiratory-tract illness in the preceding week or who were taking oral or intranasal medications tha
15、t would interfere with infection or assessment of symptoms were excluded. Each volun- teer was documented to have a normal, complete blood cell count, blood chemistry, and urinalysis be- fore participating in the study. No attempt was made to select antibody-free volunteers for the study. All but tw
16、o volunteers had prechallenge titers of anti- body M:4. Interferon. rIFN (Schering, Kenilworth, NJ) was provided in lyophilized form and reconstituted to a final concentration of 5 x 106 lU/ml. A placebo that was identical to the rIFN in protein content, pH, to- nicity, and appearance was also provided. The in- 443 This content downloaded from 132.235.61.22 on Fri, 14 Oct 2016 04:12:37 UTC All use subject to http:/about.jstor.org/terms 444 Turner et al. terferon or placeb
