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1、1,现代电力系统中的风力发电技术 Wind Power in Modern Power Systems,Contents,Status of Wind Power Development Danish grid code for wind turbine connection Wind power in power systems (voltage control and electricity market ) Offshore wind power technology Introduction of wind power research at the Department of Ene
2、rgy Technology, Aalborg University,Contact: Professor Z Chen, Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, zchet.aau.dk,3,Renewable Energy Technology,Geothermal,15 yr avg growth: 27.7%,2011 growth: 20.3%,Steve Sawyer “Global Wind Market Update”, EWEA 012 conference April 2010, Copenhagen,Win
3、d Power Development,15 yr avg growth: 27.5%,2011 growth: 6%,Steve Sawyer “Global Wind Market Update”, EWEA 2012 April 2012, Copenhagen,Wind Power Development,6,Wind Turbine Development,V164-7.0 MW,7,The Supergrid would link a series of offshore wind farms through the Baltic Sea, the North Sea, the A
4、tlantic, the Bay of Biscay and the Mediterranean.,Developments in Wind Energy Technology,8,Danish Power Industry,Wind power covers 28% of electricity consumption 2011 Aims for a 50% wind share by 2025 Denmark also has large number of CHP installations which supply both heat and electricity load with
5、 a high efficiency.,Development from the late 1980s to present,9,Wind power features,Wind is less flexible and less controllable Wind power is intermittent and difficult to predict Large shares of wind increase demand for capacity reserves and ancillary services Unfavourable geographical allocation
6、Attractive wind conditions are usually located in sparsely populated coastal areas and weak grid,10,Steady state Frequency /Power control Low/high frequency support Voltage support/reactive power compensation Power Quality, flicker, harmonics Transient /dynamic state Fault ride through, to stay conn
7、ected during low voltage on the grid Ramp rate Communication /power dispatch Reliable communication Wind forecasting Participate power market,Operate a wind farm/wind turbine like a power station/plant,Grid Code: Technical document containing the rules governing the operation, maintenance, & develop
8、ment of the system,Grid Codes description and purpose,11,Active power production requirements at frequency/voltage variations,25 kW to 1.5 MW and above,11 kW to 25 kW,Danish Grid Code: Technical regulation 3.2.5 for wind power plants with a power output greater than 11 kW,12,Requirements for toleran
9、ce of voltage drops for wind powerplants with a power output greater than 1.5 MW,Danish Grid Code: Technical regulation 3.2.5 for wind power plants with a power output greater than 11 kW,13,Requirement for reactive power supply, IQ, during voltage drops for wind power plants with a power output grea
10、ter than 1.5 MW,Danish Grid Code: Technical regulation 3.2.5 for wind power plants with a power output greater than 11 kW,14,Frequency control for wind power plants with a power output higher than 25 MW, as shown in connection with a minor downward regulation PDelta,Danish Grid Code: Technical regul
11、ation 3.2.5 for wind power plants with a power output greater than 11 kW,15,Reactive power requirements,1.5 kW to 1.5 MW,1.5 MW to 25 MW,greater than 25 MW,Danish Grid Code: Technical regulation 3.2.5 for wind power plants with a power output greater than 11 kW,LOCATION :Transmission line in the Sou
12、th of Spain Arcos de la Frontera (Cdiz): 6 wind farms with an installed capacity of 122MW. Connected to 400kV. Tajo de la Encantada (Mlaga): 3 wind farms with an installed capacity of 111MW. Connected to 220kV. Huneja (Granada): 6 wind farms with an installed capacity of 248MW. Connected to 400kV.,V
13、oltage Regulation Demonstration,C. Combarros, J. C. Prez ,“Results of implementing voltage control strategies in a cluster within the TWENTIES project framework”, EWEA April, 2012,Wind power control,Each cluster have a Control Unit The cluster Control Unit can implement various strategies to the dif
14、ferent tests. The controller will receive a voltage set-point and then determine a reactive power set-point per wind farm, in order to keep the voltage set-point received, taking into account the reactive power capacity of the wind farms.,Voltage Control in a Cluster,A proportional control algorithm
15、,C. Combarros, J. C. Prez ,“Results of implementing voltage control strategies in a cluster within the TWENTIES project framework”, EWEA April, 2012,Wind power control,Evolution of the Voltage 220kV and 400kV,Oscillations,Saturation,Tap changer influence,C. Combarros, J. C. Prez ,“Results of impleme
16、nting voltage control strategies in a cluster within the TWENTIES project framework”, EWEA April, 2012,Wind power control,Wind Farm behaviour,Fast response,Q available,Saturation,C. Combarros, J. C. Prez ,“Results of implementing voltage control strategies in a cluster within the TWENTIES project framework”, EWEA April, 2012,Wind power control,Wind power in electricity market,Source: EWEA,Source: IEA Wind, Task 25,Wind power in electricity market,21,Anders N. Andersen,“Proactive
