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1、Designing annuity products for consumers needs,Presented by Mike WadsworthPartner, Watson Wyatt May 2003,Agenda,Options for generating lifetime income Consumer needs Investing for life Managing survival A new model,I dont want to achieve immortality through my work - I want to achieve it by not dyin
2、g Woody Allen,People will soon live twice as long as today, and have the potential to live for 1200 years John Harris, Scientist Member of UK Human Genetics Commission as reported Sunday Times, 25 June 2000,Funeral firm hit by 29% profit fall Not enough people are dying in the US, according to Servi
3、ce Corporation International, the worlds largest funeral services company Times, 2 October 1999,Scale of opportunitiesPeople over 65,Source: US Bureau of the Census,Annuity versus bond yield,Income taken monthly in advance; interest rate 5% pa Annuity income broken down into capital element and the
4、balance (ie interest element),Options for retirement income,100%,Pensioner Investment Guarantees,PensionerSurvivalGuarantees,Traditional Annuity,LumpSum,?, Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,0%,0%,Traditional annuitiesSome important questions,How much do the guarantees cost? How valuable are they to custome
5、rs? early in retirement/later in retirement? according to other assets? How will lifestyles and needs change in retirement? Will customers change their minds over time?,Key issues for designThe Pensioner,Choice (investment) Flexibility (income) Protection (survival) Communication (trade offs) Fail s
6、afe,A lifetime asset allocation modelTraditional,Either lump sum,Or annuity,Retire,Retire,Optimum return(equities?),Optimum return(equities?),Cash,Bonds,Bonds, Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,A lifetime asset allocation modelProposed,Optimum return(equities?),Optimum return(equities?),Bonds,Retire, Watso
7、n Wyatt Partners 2000,Effect of investment growth onsupportable income - males,Base income supportable calculated at 5%.Income multiple = income supportable assuming extra investment return resulting from equity investment of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5% pa after charges, divided by base income. Mortality as pr
8、eviously, Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,Planning retirement income,The consumer problem is . How long will I live? Lifespan is a distribution not an expectation,Distribution of deathsRetirement at age 60,Mortality: PMA92/PFA92 Year of use 2001, Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,Distribution of deaths by age n
9、ow,Age 75 now, Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,Mortality: PMA92/PFA92 Year of use 2001,Distribution of deaths by age now,Age 90 now, Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,Mortality: PMA92/PFA92 Year of use 2001,Standard deviation of deaths, asa proportion of life expectancy,Mortality: PMA92/PFA92 Year of use 2001,
10、Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,Method of calculation Non-annuitised fund Income each year defined as:Fund value / annuity factor Annuity factor calculated at assumed investment return of 0% or 7% pa (excluding expenses) Investment return achieved equal to 7% pa (excluding expenses),Investment return ass
11、umed:,(excl expenses),Investment return achieved: 7% pa (excl expenses), Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,Progression of income:spreading fund over future life expectation,Progression of income - annuitised fund versusnon-annuitised fund, Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,Supplier view of mortality guarantees,Mo
12、rtality improving How fast 1% pa? 2% pa? 3% pa? In future? Scope to review? Guarantees are (too) expensive?,Mortality drift -uncertain future improvements,Both charts show expected distribution of deaths for male aged 60 in 1992, allowing for future improvements. PMA92 represents the more recent est
13、imate,Cross-subsidy operates across either distribution, and longevity protection is largely retained even if mortality is reviewed,Drift in anticipated distribution allowing for newer evidence, Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,Excess survivors -PMA92 compared with PMA80,Cost to annuity provider of not re
14、viewing mortality relates to payments made to those survivors who were not expected to live so long - the red zone, Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,New model,Investment fund + Insurance against survival,Lifetime income model -benefit statement,UnitsUnit PriceValue Start of Year10,00010.00100,000 Annuity
15、Payments(975)(10,000) Survival Bonus2953,000 Effect of Changes in Unit Price4,860 End of Year9,32010.5097,860 Target Incomefor Next Year10,000, Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,Equivalent additional fundgrowth resulting from mortalitycross-subsidy,Mortality: PMA92/PFA92 Calendar Year 2001, Watson Wyatt Pa
16、rtners 2000,Equivalent additional fund growth,M F % pa % pa 754.12.8 8513.18.4 9533.221.2 NB: Partial survival protection possible,Flexible annuity review cycle,Initial max/min income calcd,Annuitant selects income between max and min to next review,Payments deducted according to annuitant requirements/survival credits/investment returns added,Fund balance determined at review,Max/min income to next review calcd, Watson Wyatt Partners 2000,Flexible incomeThe
