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1、名词性从句,主语+be+表语,主语+do+宾语,名 词,名 词,一. 什么叫“名词性从句”？,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,主语,His job is important.,What he does is important.,表语,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,宾语,I dont like his job.,I dont like what he does every day.,同位语,I dont know about the man, Mr. White.,I dont know about the fact that
2、he is a teacher.,主语,谓语,宾语从句,主语从句,谓语,宾语,主语,谓语,同位语从句,主语,系动词,表语从句,We all know that he is a famous singer .,That he is a famous singer is known to us all.,We all know the fact that he is a famous singer.,The fact is that he is a famous singer.,宾语,常见引导词：,1）从属连词that只引导，本身无意义，仅起引导作用。（引导宾语从句时可省，但是如果是并列的多个宾语
3、从句，只能省第一个）,2）连接代词who,whom,what,which,whoever, whatever,whichever等，有意义，作成分,3）连接副词where,when,how,why等，有意义， 在句中作状语,4）从属连词if,whether（是否）(if 只能引导动词、形容词之后的宾语从句),1._he said has nothing to do with you.,2. _well start tomorrow will be told soon.,3. _he did such a thing satisfied me.,4_ we can protect cultura
4、l relics needs to be discussed.,what,when,That,How,that在以下情况下不能省略： 一、当动词后带有两个并列的宾语从句时，引入第二个从句的连词that不可省略。The teacher told the students (that) they should hand in their homework the next day and that the homework must be signed names by their parents. 老师告诉学生他们要在第二天交上作业，并且作业必须由家长签名。,二、当that前面有插入语时，tha
5、t不宜省略。Little Alice didnt know, Im sure, that her sister was going to America. 我确信，小艾丽斯不知道她的姐姐很快就要去美国了。,三、当that 宾语从句前有 it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略。We think it important that college students should master at least one foreign language.我们认为大学生至少掌握一门外语是很重要的。,四、当引导同位语从句时，that一般不可省略，尤其当that与先行词处于分割情况时。 He heard t
6、he news that his team had won. 他听到了他的队获胜的消息。 There is a feeling in me that they are cheating me. 我有一种感觉他们在骗我。,注意：当名词性从句已有疑问词引导时，不可再加that。例如： I dont understand that what you said just now. () I dont understand what you said just now. (),whether与if的辨用,表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。 a. 主语从句b. 表语从句c. 同位语从句e. 介词
7、后的宾语从句f.后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.) g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if,Practice time,if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.8. I dont know _ to go.,if / whether,whether,whether /if,whether,w
8、hether,同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处,1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、 限定前面的名词。,e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。） The news that you told us is really encouraging. （从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）,2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，
9、不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。,e.g. Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充当任何成分） 2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children. （that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）,典型错误及归纳,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 1. Can you tell me how many students are there in
10、 your class? 2. I dont know where has he gone. 3. The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was.,Can you tell me how many students there are in your class?,I dont know where he has gone.,The owner of the shop came to see what was the matter.,规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 4. We suggest
11、ed that we would go to the cinema. 5. His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable.,We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema.,His proposal that we (should) go there on foot.,规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！,问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 7. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet. 8. It d
12、epends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. 9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting. 10. He asked me if I could go with him or not.,Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,It depends on whether the weather is .,The question is whether he himself will
13、be present .,He asked me whether I could go with him or not.,规律三：4种情况只能用whether ：（1）位于句子开头； （2）前面有介词； 3）引导表语从句； （4）与or not连用。,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting. 3. Everybody
14、considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,it,that,whether,规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助 “it” 而后置。,问题：想想看是什么“适当的情况”？,做题三步曲： 步骤一：首先把主句和从句区分开来。 步骤二：分析从句缺何种成分。 步骤三：根据分析，选择恰当的连词,名词性从句试题集锦 1.I ask her _ come with me. A. if
15、she will B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she 2._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 3.Can you tell me _? A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. d
16、id they live D. did they live in 5.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that,7.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to
