《直接引语变间接引语教学讲义》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《直接引语变间接引语教学讲义(14页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、直接引语变间接引语,Direct speech and Indirect speech,妈妈说:” 杰克是个好工人“.,Mother said :”Jack is a good worker.”,妈妈说杰克是个好工人。,Mother said that Jack is a good worker,直接引语:,间接引语,Direct speech:,Indirect speech:,一、如何变人称: 口诀:一随主。二随宾,第三不变。,“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如: Shesaid.Mybrotherw
2、antstogo shoppingwithme.” Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.,“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如:,HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?” HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。,二、如何变时态: 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1) 一般现在时一般过去时态; She said: “ I am a studen
3、t. ” She said (that) she was a student. 2)一般将来时过去将来时 Shesaid, Hewillgotoseehisfriend.” Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。 Tom said, “ I am going to play basketball tomorrow.” Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow. 3) 现在进行时过去进行时; She said ,“I am reading a book.” She said she was reading a bo
4、ok.,注意:以下几种情况时态 不变 直接引语是客观真理。 Theteacher said Theearthmovesaroundthesun.” Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaround thesunearth.,直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语, 变为间接引语时,时态不变。如: Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.,直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。 Jacksaid.“I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”,Jacksaid he was doing chores when
5、 Tom came to see him.,Jack saidhewasbornonApril21,1980.,直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变。如: Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。” 如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变 (例:could,should,would,might) The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.” 和已经是过去时的形式
6、时, 例: oughtto,hadbetter,usedto Petersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.,Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.,PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.,三、如何变状语: 直接引语变间接引语,状语变化有其内在规律, 时间状语由“现在”改为“原来” (例:now变为then,yesterday变为thedaybefore today变为 that day He said, ”I want to go swimming now. ” He said he wanted to go
7、swimming then. 地点状语,尤其表示方向性的, here 变 there The teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00.” The teacher said I should go there at 7:00. 指示代词修饰的状语,由“此”改为“彼” 例:this改为that Hesaid,Thisbooksismine.“ Hesaidthatbook washis.,agobefore; this morningthat morning Yesterdaythe day before; tomorrowthe next day
8、 next weekthe following week/the next week Yesterday morningthe morning before,谓语动词的变化:,直接引语:Must ;Come ;bring,间接引语:had to; go ;take,She said, I will come here this evening.”,She said that she would go there that evening,四、如何变句型: 直接引语如果是陈述句,间接引语应改为由that引导 的宾语从句。 Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes
9、.“ Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes. 直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句, 间接引语应改为由 whether或if引导的宾语从句. Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?“ HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim。 “Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?” HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike. 直接引语如果是特殊问句,间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈述句语序)。 Sheaskedme,Whendotheyha
10、vetheirdinner?” Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner. Sheaskedme,Whatwas Jack doing when I come in?” Sheaskedme what Jack was doing when she came in.,直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“ Tell (ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth.”句型。 如: 1.Dontmakeanynoise,the teachersaidtothestudents. Shetold(ordered)thestudentsnottomakeanyno
11、ise. 2.“Open the door,please,saidshe. Sheaskedhimtoopen the door. 直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动句词(或从句)”如: Hesaid,Letsgotothemovies. Hesuggestedgoingtothemovies. 或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethemovies.,Exercise,1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat. 2. “Ive foun
12、d my wallet.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet. 3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her. 4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west. 5. “I met her yester
13、day.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ met the day _. 6. “You must come here before five.” he said. He said that I _ to go _ before five. 7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said. He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.,he,ate,told,had,Found,his,she,had,taken,rise,goes,told,had,before,ha
14、d,before,had,there,8. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _ _ I had seen her the week _. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He _ Jim that he _ sit there 10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother _ _ _ found it. 11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me
15、 _ _ _been _ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked _ _ knew where she _. 13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ making so much noise. 14. “Dont tell him the news.” she said. She told me _ _ him the news. 15. “Are you intested in this?” he said. He _ _ I was interestd in _.,if,asked,told,before,she,could,where,how,had,i,had,those,lived,i,if,stop,to,told,to,not,asked,tell,if,that,