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1、高考必考点词法终极冲刺 特级教师 程中一,第一部分非谓语动词 （一）动词不定式,I. 不定式的时态和语态形式表：（以write为例）,1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后。 2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生。 3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。,1.If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city _ by their enthusiastic supporters.（ 浙江） A. being
2、cheered B. be cheered C. to be cheered D. were cheered 2.In many peoples opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant _. （四川） A. to deal with B. dealing with C. to be dealt with D. dealt with,【高考链接】,It is + adj.+ of sb.+ to do sth.和 It is + adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth.区别 用for sb还是of sb关键
3、在adj.。 若adj.是表示某人品质、特性或行为方式的形容词（careful，careless， clever，courageous，foolish，good，honest， nice， polite， right，silly，wise，wrong，grateful，naughty等）就用of sb, 否则用for sb. 我们互相帮忙是必要的。 Its necessary for us to help each other. 你真好帮我一个大忙。 Its very kind of you to give me a great help.,【高考链接】 Its important for t
4、he figures _regularly. （北京） to be updated B. have been updated C. to update D. to have updated,【指点迷津】 常接不定式作宾语的动词有： want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer等。,【指点迷津】 我们可用这样一个虚构词“merdowphfla”，其汉语谐音为“磨豆腐喽” 帮助归纳记忆。每一个字母代表一个英语单词。 m-mean(打算) manage
5、(设法) e-expect(期盼) r-refuse(拒绝) d-dare(敢) desire(渴望)determine(决心) decide(决定) demand（要求) o-offer(主动提出) w-want(想要) wish(希望) p-promise(答应) pretend(假装) plan(计划) h-hope（希望）; f-fail(失败) l-long(渴望) learn(学习) a-ask(要求) arrange(安排)。 He failed to pass the exam. 他没有考及格。,【巧学助记】 不定式作宾补何时不带to？下面口诀给予帮助。 二听、五看、一感觉，
6、使役动词有三个， help可带,可不带（to) ， 所以把它排在外。 【备注1】二听：hear, listen to 五看：see, watch, notice, observe, look at 一感觉：feel 三个使役动词：have, let, make 例如： She felt somebody touch her hair. I made him tell the truth. Did you hear him say that yourself? We have to help them (to) clean the room. 【备注2】这类句子变为被动语态时,动词不定式要加to
7、。,【高考链接】 1. Simon made a bamboo box _the little sick bird till it can fly. （四川） keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep,【高考链接】 2. Passengers are permitted _ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.（天津） A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried,【规律总结】 下面词语chance, wish, courage, need,
8、 promise, time, opportunity, way, the first, the second, the last, the only one 等常常接动词不定式作定语。例如： He is always the first to arrive and the last to leave. 他总是第一个到达，最后一个离开。 There is no need to ask him the question. 没有必要问他这个问题。,That is the only way we can imagine _ the overuse of water in students bathr
9、ooms. （上海） A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 2. Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one _ first is the library. （重庆） A. repaired B. being repaired C. repairing D. to be repaired,【高考连接】,第一部分非谓语动词 （二）动词-ing,【知识归纳】 动词-ing的一般式 表示动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词的动作之后发生。 I enjoy swimming
10、 in the big river. 我喜欢在大河里游泳。 I am used to watching TV in the evening. 我习惯于晚上看电视。 动词-ing的完成式表示动作在谓语动词动作之前发生。 She regretted not having studied the computer hard.她后悔没有努力学习计算机。 Do you remember having promised me that?你记得给我许愿了吗？,当动词-ing和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时，用动名词的被动形式来表示。 His being looked down upon made him sick
11、.他被人冷落使他很伤感。 I cant really stand being treated like that. 我简直受不了这样的对待。,【高考链接】 _ at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.（ 北京） A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked 2. It rained heavily in the south,_ serious flooding in several provinces.（天津） A. caused B. having caused C.
12、causing D. to cause,【名师点拨】 作定语的动词-ing要放在被修饰的名词之前，表示主动，过去分词表示被动。如果是动词词组作定语则放在被修饰的名词之后，如被修饰的词是 something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词，动词-ing放在它们的后面。 1. The working people have played a great role in the activity. 工人在这次活动中起主要作用。 2. The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital immediately. 被
13、汽车撞伤的小孩马上被送到了医院。 3. There is nothing interesting. 没什么有趣的事。,【高考链接 】 The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.（浙江） A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing,【助学巧记】 可用这样一个虚构词“madpsfameicarfe”记忆接动词ing动词，其汉语谐音为“卖的不是发霉咖啡”
14、帮助归纳记忆。每一个字母代表一个英语单词。 m-mind(介意) a-avoid(避免) d-delay(推迟) p-practise(练习) s-suggest（建议） s-stand（忍受） s-stop(停止) f-finish(完成) f-forgive（原谅） a-advise(建议) m-miss(错过) e-escape(逃脱) i-imagine(设想) c-cant help(禁不住) a-admit(承认) r-risk(冒险) f-fancy(认为，想象) e-enjoy(喜爱),【高考链接 】 1. I had great difficulty _ the suitab
15、le food on the menu in that restaurant.（上海） find B. found C. to find D. finding 2. Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. （上海） A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold,【指点迷津】 现在分词短语作状语表示时间可以在前 面加上 while 或when。 When drinking to someones health, you sho
16、uld raise your glass. 你为某人的健康干杯的时候，你应举起 杯子。 You do not need to worry about all the rules while having dinner with your friends. 你跟朋友一起吃饭的时候不必担心一切规矩。,【易错提醒】 沿着街道行走的时候，一块石头打在了我的头上。 误：Walking along the street，a stone hit me on the head. 正：While I was walking along the street，a stone hit me on the head. 【简析】分词的逻辑主语应与句子的
