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1、Unit 10理解：要点诠释单词1.prevent讲：v.阻止；阻碍；阻挠常用结构:prevent sb./sth.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事例:The accident could have been prevented.这次事故本来是可以防止的。He is prevented by law from holding a licence.按法律规定他不得持有执照。Nothing would prevent him speaking out against injustice.什么也不能阻止他鸣不平。Thanks to the project and the kindness
2、 of his family and neighbours,Wang Lin was able to receive treatment in time to prevent the disease from ruining his health.由于这项工程以及家人和邻居的热心，王林才能得到及时治疗，以阻止疾病损坏健康。链接提示 该短语中的介词from在主动语态中可以省略，但在被动语态中不能省略；相似动词还有stop,keep等，但keep sb. from doing sth.和keep sb. doing sth.不同。练:The teacher asked more_to preven
3、t the students eyes from _.A.to do;injuring B.done;injuringC.to be done;being injured D.being done;being injured提示:本题考查动词的用法。第一个空为ask sb. to do sth.的被动形式；第二个空为prevent sb. from doing sth.的被动形式。答案:C2.cover讲：v.cover用作动词时的主要义项有“遮盖；覆盖；包含；涉及；处理；足以支付；够付；报道；替补(某人工作或履行职责)”。例:Much of the country is covered by
4、 forest.森林覆盖着这个国家的大片土地。The wind blew in from the desert and covered everything with sand.风从沙漠那边吹来，把一切都蒙上了一层沙子。The survey covers all aspects of the business.调查包括这家企业的各个方面。This allowance,however,is only enough to cover the most fundamental needs such as food and clothing.然而这份补助仅够支付衣食等基本需要。By sunset we
5、 had covered thirty miles.到日落时我们已走了30英里。The CCTV will cover all the major games of the tournament.中央电视台将报道这次锦标赛的所有重要赛事。Im covering Jane while shes on leave.简休假时我来顶替她工作。练:（2010江苏南京质检） Will $200 the cost of_ the damage?Im afraid not.I need at least 100 more.A.do B.include C.cover D.afford提示:本题考查动词辨析。从
6、句子的意思分析，此处用动词cover表示“够用”。答案:C3.wear讲：v.穿着；戴着；佩着；留长发(胡须)；表露(表情、态度)；磨损；耐用短语:wear out 穿破,磨损,用坏,精疲力竭wear off 渐渐减少/消失wear away 使磨损wear down使慢慢磨损例:Everyone is supposed to wear a seat belt in the car.乘坐轿车时人人都应该系安全带。She was wearing a red dress(a pair of white gloves,glasses,a gold ring,a new watch)at the ba
7、ll that night.那天晚上在舞会上她穿着红色连衣裙(戴着一副白手套，眼镜，一枚金戒指，一块新手表)。He wears his hair very long.他留长发。The girl always wears a happy smile.这个小女孩随时都面带幸福的微笑。The waves have worn the rock smooth.波浪把岩石磨得变平滑了。The raincoat will wear well.这件雨衣很耐穿。The inscription has worn away.碑文已被磨平消失了。The pain will wear off because of th
8、e anesth esia.疼痛会因麻醉的功效而慢慢消失。The long journey has worn him down.长途旅行使他疲惫不堪。The shoes have worn out.那双鞋子已经穿旧了。I am worn out by the hard work.辛苦的工作使我筋疲力尽。链接提示 wear在表示“穿着”时，表示的是状态，相当于be dressed in。put on表示的是动作;dress为及物动词，表示“给某人穿衣”，故宾语是表示人的词。练:（2010山东诸城质检） The best clothes_ the man_ that morning_ his fi
9、ne green coat and his black silk cap.A.that;was wearing;were B.which;wore;wereC.which;dressed;was D.that;was having on;was提示:本题考查定语从句、动词辨析及主谓语一致。先行词被形容词的最高级修饰，关系代词应用that。have on可表示状态，但不能用于进行时态。clothes是复数，作主语时谓语应用复数。答案:A短语1.attend to讲:该短语为及物动词短语，其中to为介词，意思有“处理,对付(=deal with)；照料,关怀(=serve/take care of
10、)；接待；注意；专心”等。例:I have some urgent business to attend to.我有一些急事要处理。The nurse attended to the wounded day and night.这位护士日夜护理伤员。“Are you being attended to,sir?” asked the shop assistant.售货员问道:“有人接待你吗？”Attend carefully to what she is saying.注意听她说话。You must attend to your work.你必须专心于你的工作。链接拓展 (1)attend o
11、n/upon看护；服侍。 She has two nurses attending on her. 有两位护士看护着她。 (2)attend还有“参加（会议、聚会）”的意思。练:The Browns sent lots of invitations for their party.But because of the improper time,few people _it.A.attended B.accepted C.received D.enjoyed提示:本题通过语境考查动词辨析。横线后面的it起着关键性的作用，代替的应该是party，而不能是复数名词invitations，所以使用a
12、ttend，表示“参加晚会”。答案:A2.let down讲:该短语为及物动词短语，主要义项有“不支持；使失望；(使)略胜一筹；美中不足；放下；放长；降低”。例:Im afraid she let us down badly.很遗憾，她让我们大失所望。This machine wont let you down.你尽管放心，这台机器不会出毛病。She speaks French very fluently,but her pronunciation lets her down.她法语讲得很流利，但美中不足的是发音不大好。We let the bucket down by a rope.我们用绳
13、子把吊桶放下去。This skirt needs letting down.这条裙子需要放长一点。链接拓展 (1)let up减弱；减轻；放松（努力）；松劲。 The pain finally let up. 疼痛终于减轻了。 We mustnt let up now. 我们现在可不能放松啊。 (2)let out放走；释放；发出（声音）；放大（衣服）。 I let out a shout when I hurt my finger. 我弄伤手指时发出一声大叫。 The waist in these pants needs to be let out. 这条裤子的裤腰需要放出点来。练:(201
14、0湖南模拟) He accidentally _he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadnt been home for a couple of weeks.A.let out B.took careC.made sure D.made out提示:本题考查短语动词的辨析。从句子的意思分析，此处应该表示“偶然(accidently)透露出”，所以使用let out。答案:A句型“介词+which+动词不定式”作定语讲:请观察下面教材原句:.and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present.她只有一美元87美分用来给吉姆买礼物。本句型为“介词+which+动词不定式”作定语，相当于介词关系代词which引导的定语从句。本句可以改为:She had only $1.87 with which she could buy Jim a present.例:She had no tim
