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1、Grammar,The Passive ing-form (V-ing形式的被动式),V-ing形式的各种时态和语态:,时态,一般式,完成式,主动语态,被动语态,doing,having done,being done,having been done,1. 动名词的被动式：,动名词的被动式有两种: being + 过去分词； having been + 过去分词。例如： a) 每个人都喜欢得到赞美。 Everybody likes _. b) 我记得曾经听过这故事。 I remember _ the story. 2) 在need/want/require(需要)和be worth (值得)
2、等词后面, 动名词的主动形式表示被动 意义。例如：a) 这件事需要调查。 The matter requires _. = The matter requires to be looked into.,being praised,having been told,looking into,b) 这本书值得一读。 The book _. = The book is worthy of being read. 2. 现在分词的被动式 现在分词的被动式也有两种: being + 过去分词(强调事情正在发生)； having + been + 过去分词(强调事情已经 发生, 不作定语)。例如： a)
3、她正接受提问, 感到有点儿紧张。 _to answer the question, she felt a little nervous.,is worth reading,Being asked,b) 这么好的机会给了你, 你怎么能一点也不珍惜 呢？ _ such a good chance, how could you not value it at all? 2) 作定语时, “being +过去分词”表示正在 进行的动作; done表示一般过去或已经完成 的动作; to be done表示将要发生的动作。如： a) 正在建造的房屋, 完工后将用作我们的图书馆。 The house _ w
4、ill be our library upon its completion.,Having been given,being built,b) 所使用的教材都是时新的。 The textbooks _ are all up-to-date. c) 你打算参加下月召开的会议吗？ Are you going to attend the meeting _ next month?,used,to be held,I am thinking of getting a new dictionary. I approved of his taking part in the project. I enj
5、oy listening to classical music.,(一般情况),(以后、将来),(现在、将来),V-ing表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时或在其后 发生, 或表示一般情况.,being done表示的被动动作正在进行或与谓语动词 的动作同时(有时之后)发生, 或表示一般情况.,请区分下列V-ing形式表达的动作时间：,现在修建的发电站将是埃及最大的发电站之一.,The power station being built now will be one of the largest in Egypt.,她坚持被派给最苦的工作.,She insisted on being given
6、 the hardest task.,They regret not having been able to inform you of the fact.,(之前),Having done表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动 作之前.,Having been done表示的被动动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前.,被邀请后, 李先生去参加了会议。,Having been invited, Mr Li went to attend the meeting.,I appreciate _ the chance to study abroad two years ago.,V-ing的被动式在句中可以作
7、:,主语 Being laughed at in public is a terrible experience. 被鲨鱼咬死是一件很普通的事情. Being killed by sharks was a common thing.,我很感激两年前被给予了去国外学习的机会。,having been given,_ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to oness skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed,2)宾语 I could se
8、e he was terrified of being abandoned by us.,C,你还记得十岁时被带去北京吗? Do you remember having been taken to Beijing at the age of ten?,The little girl was eventually aware that her parents abandoned her in the mountainous village.,The little girl was eventually aware of_ _ by her parents in the mountainous v
9、illage.,being,abandoned,若不被邀请,他是不会来的. (invite) He wouldnt come without _.,下面短语中的to是介词, 后面只能跟名词或V-ing 作宾语：devote to(投入), get down to(着手干)， lead to (通向,导致), object to(反对), pay attention to (注意), look forward to (盼望), be used to (习惯于)，stick to (坚持), preferto等。,being invited,No one can prevent the plan
10、_. A. from carrying out B. to be carried out C. being carried out D. to carry out,The bird was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. being caught C. to be caught D. to catch,C,B,有些动词后常常接v-ing作宾语： admit(承认), appreciate, avoid, cant help(禁不住)， stand(忍受), consider (考虑,打算), enjoy, escape (躲避), exc
11、use, finish, give up, imagine, insist on, mind, miss(错过), practise, put off, risk, set about, suggest(建议)等。,He has always insisted on his _ Dr. Tuner instead of Mr. Turner. A. been called B. being called C. having called D. called,B,While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something
12、they dont really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded,3) 宾语补足语,I saw James being held up in the water by old Tom.,The well was found _ when we got there. A. digging B. to be dug C. to dig D. being dug,C,D,I noticed that some people were taken to the police station.,I
13、 noticed some people being taken to the police station.,4) 定语,The meeting being held now is very important.,但 having been done 不能作定语。,正在被建在公园旁边的宾馆是由一群年轻人建的。 The hotel being built now beside the park was designed by a group of young men.,Having been told many times, he still made the same mistake.,5)
14、 状语,Being badly wounded, the whale soon died.,Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited,A,The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president. A. being prepared B. preparing C. having been prepared
15、D. prepared 2. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having been suffered B. Bing suffered C. To suffer D. Suffered,B,A,Exercises,3. She is shy. She is not used to _ in front of others. A. praise B. praising C. being praised D. be praised 4. _ in a heavy traffic jam in a taxi while you are hurrying to the airport is quite an unpleasant experience. A. Having caught B. Being caught C. aught D. Having been caught,C,B,5.The storm left, _ a lot of dama
