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1、prepositions (介词）,常见介词,方位介词 aboveoveronbelowunderbeneath,above,over,beneath,below,under,on,Be careful, there is a heavy box_ your head. The sun is _ the mountain in the east. There are some stamps_the desk. The position he pointed to was _ the sea level. The little mouse is _ the table, so it is not
2、 easy to find it.,over,above,on,abovebelow,under,2. across over through past,across,over,through,past,横穿，穿越， 表示运动发生在物体的表面,跨过 越过，表示运动发生在物体的上方,穿过，通过表示运动发生在摸物的空间,从经过，表示运动发生在某物的旁边,The Great wall winds its way from west to east, _deserts, _ mountains, _ valleys, till at last it reaches the sea. The crowd
3、 of people walked _ the City Hall to the Centre Square. Swim _ the river, go _ the street , fly _ the mountain, _ the door,window, a bridge _ the river,across,over,through,past,across,_ across,over,through,over,at 表示在较小的地方(门牌); 在某物旁(不确定的地方) in 表示在较大的地方(国家,城市); 在某物范围内.(地点的排列顺序是由小到大). on 表示在某物上(表面接触);
4、 road 前用on, street前用in/on; 楼层用on; farm前用on, field前用in.,on the sixth floor. on the farm, on the ground a city on the Changjiang river, on the left on the right,3. 表示地点时 at, in, on 的区别,at 116 Changhe Street.,at the stationairportat the theatrethe partythe meeting conference-,at the end of at the botto
5、m of at the foot of -,In the world in Asia in the country in the village in the street in the skyin the lake in the woods in an armchair in hospital prison church,.,4.在-上 on 侧重与表面接触 in侧重与接触的深度,We found a square hole _the west wall. There is a map of the world _ the wall. hitbeatstrikepat sb _ the fa
6、ce eyemouthchest hitbeatstrikepat sb _the headforeheadnoseearneckshoulder (takeseizecatchshake sb _ the armhand) There are lots of apples _ the tree. Birds often play _ the tree.,in on 表静态，into onto表动态“往里 往上,in,on,in,on,by,on,in,5.表方位的介词in, on, to, off的区别, in 表示在境内. on 表示相邻或在边界上, 不在境内. to 表示在境外, 不接壤
7、. off 表示在海面上靠近海岸的地方.,Guangdong lies _ the south of China and Fujian is _ the east of it. Hainan is _ the coast of the mainland.,in,on,off,6 介词 among 和 between 的区别,1） 一般情况下，between用于两者之间， among用于三者或三者以上之间。 It is about 100 metres between the post office and our school. Divide the money among the four
8、of you,2)但在有些情况下between可用于三者或三者以上之间。 A） 提到明确位置时 Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy B） 提到事物之间区别时 Do you know the difference between lie, lay and laid? C） 提到各分配对象时 He divided his money between his wife, his son and his daughter.（此句也可用among，但意义有差别。between强调个体各有一份，among强调整体， 表
9、示分钱的范围）,D） 强调两者以上的事物两两之间的相互关系： the Treaty Between the Three Powers 三国协约 （不可用among） E） 用在“between ourselves”结构中，意为“私下说的话（不可告诉别人）”。 The matter is highly classified. It is between ourselves. 这件事高度机密，不能告诉别人。,二 表示时间介词 1. at, in, on的区别 1 The train leaves _ 6:00pm, so I have to be at the station _ 5:40 at
10、the latest. A. at; until B. for; after C. at; by D. before;around 2 The old man died _ cold _ a cold night. A. from; at B. of; in C. of; on D. for; during 3 The railway was opened _ traffic _ April 4, 1985. A. to; on B. to; in C. by; on D. for; on,C,C,A,in ,on, at的区别和用法1） at 表示在某一时刻或短暂的时间。 at one oc
11、lock（在一点钟）， at dawn（在黎明）， at sunrise （在日出时）， at noon（在正午）， at that time（在那时）， at the last moment （在最后一刻）， at breakfast （在早餐时）at dark at亦可表示 “年龄”、 “节日”等。at the age of twenty（在二十岁时）， at Mid-autumn（在中秋节时）， at Christmas（在圣诞节时） 2） in 用来表示某年、某月、季节、上下午、傍晚等时间 in 1998 in May, in May, 1998in the morningaftern
12、oonevening， in the night（特指某一夜间，而at night表泛指的夜间），in the day（在白天）in summer in the twentieth centuryin modern timesin ones old age（在某人晚年） in ones teens / twenties/ thirties, in ones youth in the day time in one s life in the past in those days in the future,in a week（在一周后 in a few days in a moment ，,3
13、） on用于某日或特定某日的早晚、上下午等。 on Sunday（在星期日）， on October the first， 1999（在1999年10月1日）， on Monday morning（在星期日早晨）， on a cold evening（在一个寒冷的晚上）， on New Years Eve（新年前夕）on Christmas Day,At 9 on the morning of April,1976 At 9 in the morning in April , 1976,during the Christmas Days,2.in, within, after的区别和用法1）
14、in 表从现在时间角度看将来，意为“在之后“，“过若干时间就”。 The project will be finished in a week. 2） within 表示期限,，意为“在某时间之内”。(将来或过去） He must be back within a week. 他必须一周之内回来。 3） after 表示 “什么时间之后”，后可接表某一时刻或某种活动的词。 The meal was ready after thirty minutes. 三十分钟后饭熟了。 We left after the party. 晚会后我们离开了。,My father will be back fro
15、m abroad in three days. He left home and went to the front after two days two days later Ill go and see her after three oclock. after+一段时间， 常与过去时连用 after +时间上的一点， 常与将来时连用 In the past, no villagers dared do that. In the pastlast few years, great changes have taken place in the village.,4.during, for的
16、区别和用法 during 表示“在（某一段时间）内”，“在期间”，用于已知一段时间或已限定的时期或阶段。for 用来指延续一段时间。 例如 I went to shanghai during the vacation and stayed there for 20 days. 我假期里去了上海并在那儿呆了二十多天。,5. by, till / until的区别和用法 1） by表示到某时某事已发生或已出现情况，经常与完成时连用；till 表示 行动或状态一直迟续到某一时间(肯定句中延续动词）。 We discussed about the matter till/until midnight. 我们一直谈那件事，直到午夜时分。（midnight 指动作的终
