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1、难句剖析拓展1. Some like to read fantasy stories and imagine what the word will be like in 10, 50 or even 1, 000 years time.有些人喜欢阅读幻想故事, 想象世界在10、50甚至1, 000后会变成什么样。剖析 这是一个主从复合句，Some like to read fantasy stories and imagine是主句, what the word will be like是宾语从句, 作imagine的宾语;in 10, 50 or even 1, 000 years time
2、是宾语从句的时间状语。2. By the year 2015, the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them.到2015，服装业将生产出新的材料，不论什么东西溅到上面，总是保持洁白。剖析 这是一个主从复合句， By the year 2015是时间状语，the clothing industry will have produced new types of material是主句，that wi
3、ll remain stainless是定语从句;定语从句中no matter what you spill on them是让步状语从句。拓展 by构成时间状语时，谓语动词有三种完成时态的形式：by+过去时间点，主语谓语（过去完成时态）宾语by+现在时间点，主语谓语（现在完成时态）宾语by+将来时间点，主语谓语（将来完成时态）宾语3. By the year 2030, development in biochemistry and medical science will make it theoretically possible for us to live for at least
4、150 years.到2030, 生物化学和医学的发展将能够在理论上使人类至少活到150岁。剖析 这是一个含有不定式的简单句，By the year 2030是时间状语, development in biochemistry and medical science是主语，will make是谓语，it是形式宾语，theoretically possible是宾语补足语， for us to live for at least 150 years是真正的宾语。拓展 当宾语太长时，常常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在后面, 真正的宾语可以是名词短语、从句、不定式、动名词。注意不能用this或
5、that作形式宾语。4. He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed.他仔细检查了一下, 看到盘子里有青色的霉斑, 其周围的细菌都被消灭了。剖析 这是一个主从复合句，He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish是主句, around which the bacteria had been destroyed是一个定语从句, 修饰the dish。拓展 介词which+从句作定语，修饰名词，可以
6、作限制性定语从句，也可以作非限制性定语从句，此时，不能用that代替which, 当介词置于从句的末尾时，that可以代替which。如:We are sitting in a classroom in front of which there is a tall tree.我们正坐在教室里，教室的前面有一棵高高的树。类似的结构：介词whom从句修饰人。如:Fang Yonggang is a communist party member from whom we can learn how to read the spirits about our partys policy.房永刚是一位共
7、产党员，从他身上，我们能够学会怎样领会党的政策精神。5. During the Second World War, when Flemings discovery was first helping to cure people, the US Navy was looking for ways of improving the accuracy of their missiles.第二次世界大战期间, 当弗莱明的发现第一次被用于治疗人类时，这时，美国海军正致力于寻找提高导弹命中率的方法。剖析 这是一个主从复合句，句中when 引导的是时间状语从句, the US. . . missiles是
8、主句.拓展 过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。常用的时间状语有：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。语法剖析活用将来进行时形式:shall/will+be+现在分词意义:表示将来某一时间内正在进行的动作或预料要发生的或即将发生的动作。用法例句1）表示将来某一时刻或某段时间内发生的动作，常与特定的将来时间状语连用Ill be doing my homework at 9 oclock tonight. 今晚9点钟我会在做作业。2）表
9、示已经决定或安排好的要发生的动作或事情You neednt cook supper，Mum. I shall be cooking dinner tonight.妈妈，不用做晚饭了。今晚的饭我来做。3）表示亲切和客气的语气I shall be thinking of you.我会想你的。4）表示人们确信某事肯定会发生When I arrive at the airport, my whole family will be waiting for me.全家人都会来机场迎接我。5）表示预测或希望某事会发生When I get home, my wife will probably be watc
10、hing TV.到家时，我太太大概在看电视。6）用于询问别人的安排，特别是当你想得到别人帮助的时候Will you be passing the post office when youre out?你出去的时候会不会经过邮局？将来完成时形式用法例句will/shall have been+表语表示某事继续到将来某一时刻为止一直存在的状态。The old couple will have been married for 40 years by then.到那时这对老夫妇结婚将有四十了。will/shall have +过去分词表示将来某一时刻已经完成的动作You will have reac
11、hed London by this time next Saturday.下周六的此时，你已经到达伦敦了。will have been+过去分词表示将来某一时刻已经完成的被动动作This grammar book will have been finished by the end of this semester.到本学期末就已学完这本语法书了。活学活用23. 从下列交际用语中选择适当的句子填入空白处。How are you going thereHow long are you staying in Hong KongWhat will you be doingWhere are you
12、 goingwhat will happen in the future1)_ at this time next year?Ill be studying in America.2)_ tomorrow?Im leaving for Shanghai on business.3)No one knows _?I think robots will be in charge of the world.4)_?By plane.5)_?Four days.答案:1)What will you be doing2)Where are you going3)what will happen in the future4)How are you going there5)How long are you staying in Hong Kong3
