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1、路由器的基本配置,完成本章的学习后,您可以完成下面的任务: 创建一个 启动或 运行配置文件 在全局配置模式下对路由器进行配置 配置一个串口 选择下载IOS文件的路径 如何备份路由器的IOS文件 使用setup mode对路由器进行一些基本配置,目标,使用 Setup 模式配置路由器,在Setup模式中配置全局参数,Configuring global parameters: Enter host name Router:P1R1 The enable secret is a one-way cryptographic secret used instead of the enable pass
2、word when it exists. Enter enable secret : Enter enable password : % Please choose a password that is different from the enable secret Enter enable password :cisco Enter virtual terminal password : Configure SNMP Network Management? no: Configure IP? yes: Configure IGRP routing? yes: Your IGRP auton
3、omous system number 1:,. . .,在Setup模式配置端口,Setup 模式下的配置一览功能,路由器操作模式一览,用户模式 用户特权模式 全局配置模式,配置模式,提示符,端口 Router(config-if)# 子端口 Router(config-subif)# 控制器 Router(config-controller)# 终端线 Router(config-line)# 路由 Router(config-router)# IPX-路由 Router(config-ipx-router)# Route-map Router(config-route-map)#,如何改
4、变路由器的标识,为路由器或具体端口配置相应的标识,配置密码,Router(config)#line console 0 Router(config-line)#login Router(config-line)#password cisco,Console 密码,虚终端密码,Router(config)#line vty 0 4 Router(config-line)#login Router(config-line)#password cisco,Enable 密码,Router(config)#enable password cisco,Secret 密码,Router(config)#e
5、nable secret ccna,其他命令,Router(config)#service password-encryption,给所有密码加密,Router(config)#line console 0 Router(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0,防止自动退出特权模式,Router(config)#line console 0 Router(config-line)#logging synchronous,防止命令中断,Router(config)#interface type number Router(config-if)#,端口的配置,端口类型包括 se
6、rial, ethernet, token ring, fddi, hssi, loopback, dialer, null, async, atm, bri, tunnel number用来标识具体的端口,退出当前的端口配置模式,Router(config)#interface type number Router(config-if)#,端口的配置(续),type includes serial, ethernet, token ring, fddi, hssi, loopback, dialer, null, async, atm, bri, and tunnel number is u
7、sed to identify individual interfaces,show interfaces 命令,. . .,. . .,Router#show interface serial 1 Serial1 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is cxBus Serial Description: 56Kb Line San Jose - MP : : : : : : : : : :,协议正常,载波检测正常,端口状态的解释,配置一个串口,进入全局配置模式,进入具体端口配置模式,设置DCE 时钟速率,设置带宽,检查 DCE/DTE 状态,检查所做的修
8、改,Router#show interfaces serial 1 Serial1 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is MK5025 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 56 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 9/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 0:00:00, output 0:00:01, output hang never Last clearing of show interf
9、ace counters never Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops Five minute input rate 1000 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec Five minute output rate 2000 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 331885 packets input, 62400237 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 230457 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants 3 input errors, 3 CRC, 0 f
10、rame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 403591 packets output, 66717279 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 8 interface resets, 0 restarts 45 carrier transitions,其它端口的配置,选择以太网端口的介质类型,重新打开一个人为关闭的端口,Router#configure term Router(config)#interface serial 1 Router(config-if)#shutdown %LINEPROTO
11、-5-UPDOWN: Line Protocol on Interface Serial1, changed state to down %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial, changed state to administratively down,关闭一个端口,在不改变配置的情况下人为地关闭一个端口,Router#configure term Router(config)#interface serial 1 Router(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-3-UPTOWN: Interface Serial, changed st
12、ate to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line Protocol on Interface Serial1, changed state to up,检查对路由器所做的修改 (10.3+版本),Yes,对路由器进行配置,检测结果 Router#show running-config,结果是否正确,保存配置 Router#copy running-config startup-config Router#copy running-config tftp,检查保存文件 Router#show startup-config,No,删除修改,覆盖修改,Router(config
13、)#no. Router#copy start run Router#copy TFTP run,Router#reload Router#copy TFTP start Router#reload,重启,清除NVRAM,Router#erase start Router#reload,保存配置文件 (10.3+版本),RAM,使用 Telnet 登陆到远程设备,RouterA,RouterB,10.1.1.1,10.1.1.2,S0,S1,查看Telnet 连接,RouterA,RouterB,10.1.1.1,10.1.1.2,S0,S1,RouterB显示当前用户,暂停一个Telent
14、会话,RouterA,RouterB,10.1.1.1,10.1.1.2,S0,S1,暂停连接,继续连接,RouterA显示连接会话,RouterA#disconnect Closing connection to 10.1.1.2 confirm RouterB#clear line vtynumber confirm OK,中止一个Telent 会话,在远程设备上终止TELNET,在本地终止TELNET会话,RouterA,RouterB,10.1.1.1,10.1.1.2,S0,S1,Router#show version IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS
15、-L), Version 11.2 (6), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986-1997 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Tue 06-May-97 16:17 by kuong Image text-base: 0 x0303ED8C, data-base: 0 x00001000 ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 5.2(8a), RELEASE SOFTWARE ROM: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-RXBOOT), version 10.2 (8a
16、), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Router uptime is 21 hours, 13 minutes System restarted by reload System image file is flash:c2500-js-l.112-6.bin, booted via flash Configuration register is 0 x2102,设置配置寄存器的值,. . .,配置寄存器中第0到第3bit用来指定如何下载IOS 用 show version 命令检查配置寄存器的值,配置寄存器,配置寄存器值,0 x2100,0 x2102 到 0 x210F,0 x2101,含义,启动后进入 ROM monitor状态,到NVRAM 中寻找有没有boot system 命令(0 x2 为缺省
