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1、语法剖析活用从句定义句型例句主语从句在句子中，起到主语作用的从句，叫主语从句。常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面What/where/when/how/who/whose/whether+主语谓语meant/suggested /is /was that主语从句, 表示一件事情What the boss said really meant youd better buy this kind of mobile phone.whether既可以引导主语从句也可以引导宾语从句，但if不能引导主语从句。whether后面可以加or not, 而if不能与or not连用。作介词宾语时不用ifW
2、hether or not shell learn a second foreign language isnt clear.It+be +形容词 easy, obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely certain, probable, etc. + that 从句。that没有意义，但不能省略。that引导宾语从句时可以省略It is easy to show that there are many differences in the same language of diff
3、erent cultures.It+be +名词词组no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc. + that 从句It is an honor that a middle school student can communicate with foreigners with gestures as well as English.It+be+ 过去分词 hoped, believed, known, said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arr
4、anged, ect. + that从句It was recently reported that one in ten boy students in our city own a superb telephone.宾语从句在句子中，起到宾语作用的从句，叫宾语从句。常用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语放在后面what/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how引导宾语从句表示一件事情The small children dont know what is in their stockings.常见的可以接从句作宾语的动词有realise, see, say, know,
5、imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider等We consider it rude that one speaks to others when his mouth is full of food.We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation.某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类词有sure, glad , certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied 等，连词that 可省略
6、We are glad that we can keep in touch with my foreign pen friends by sending colorful text messages.表语从句在句子中，起到表语的作用的从句，叫表语从句where, why, because, how等词引导的从句常作this is 或that is 的表语。表示地点、原因、方式等The reason why we cant follow the foreigners is that they speak too fast.This is where he worked ten years ago
7、.主语是reason时，表语从句常用that引导，而不用becauseThe reason for his absence is that he was ill.What/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how引导表语从句表示一件事情The girl is not what she was ten years ago so she doesnt always do as her father tells her to. as, as if 有时引导表语从句As time goes on, our daily life isnt as it used to be.同位
8、语从句在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息），possibility等I heard the news that our team had won.Ive come from Mr wang with a message that he wont be able to see you this afternoon.英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词 that，
9、whether，连接副词 how, when, where等（注：if, which不能引导同位语从句）He must answer the question whether he agrees to purchase this kind of mobile phone or not.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开On the New Years Eve ，word came that Hu Jintao himself was coming to inspect them.同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容，而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰
10、关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等The idea that he gave surprises many people.She made a promise that she would give me a present on my birthday.活学活用27. (山东)_ team wins
11、on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter whatB. No matter whichC. WhateverD. Whichever答案:D解析:本题考查主语从句的用法，whichever引导的主语从句Whichever team wins在整个句子中作主语。No matter what和No matter which只能引导状语从句，由此排除A、B两项。whichever 作team的定语，故选D项。28. (重庆) Nobody believed his reason for being a
12、bsent from the class_ he had to meet his uncle in the airport.A. why B. thatC. whereD. because答案:B解析:本题考查同位语从句。句意为“没有人相信他迟到的理由是他必须去机场接他叔叔”。that引导的同位语从句he had to meet his uncle at the airport是对his reason的解析，that只起连接作用，无实际意义。29.(江苏) We havent settled the question of_ it is necessary for him to study a
13、broad.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that答案:C解析:本题考查宾语从句。句意：“出国留学对他来说是否有必要的这个问题我们还没有解决。”此处应填一个引导介词宾语从句的连词，根据“是否”之意，排除掉B、D两项。if作“是否”讲时，引导的从句不能作介词的宾语，所以排除A项。30.(天津) Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _it is rough or smooth.A. 不填B. whetherC. howD. what答案:B解析:从语法上分析，and后面的部分也应是te
14、ll的宾语，所以要填一个宾语从句引导词，whether表示“是否”。31.(广东冲刺) Mums question is that what present _for your birthday?A. you expect she has gotB. you expect has she gotC. do you expect she has gotD. do you expect has she got答案:A解析:表语从句中what引导的特殊疑问句应该为陈述语序。expect后面接宾语从句，宾语从句应用陈述语序。32.(山东模拟)It is generally considered unw
15、ise that_ a child wants must be given to him or her.A. however B. whateverC. whichever D. whenever答案:B解析:whatever具有泛指的概念，引导一个宾语从句，并且作wants的宾语。这里的whatever不能改成what，因为题意是“无论孩子要什么就给他/她什么是不明智的”，这里whatever也不能改用no matter what，因为后者只能引导状语从句。33.(福建模拟)I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that_ you had a few days off?A. why B. whenC. that D. where答案:A解析:why引导的从句在句中作表语。34.(陕西模拟) Chinas success in manned-spacecraft travel proves _our country has beco
