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1、A【2019全国卷I】Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 1 with them lots of waste. The 2 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing, changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, Im 4 about the placeother destin
2、ations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However, I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish. I find a 7 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 8 but the efforts made by the Tanzania Nationa
3、l Park Authority seem to be 9 .The best of a Kilimanjaro 10 , in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. Mountains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 12 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 13 go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest
4、. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 14 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 15 low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 16 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 17 : gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. 18 you cli
5、mb into an arctic-like zone with 19 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro 20 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.1. A. keepB. mixC. connectD. bring2. A. storiesB. buildingsC. crowdsD. re
6、porters3. A. positionB. ageC. faceD. name4. A. silentB. skepticalC. seriousD. crazy5. A. discoverB. argueC. decideD. advocate6. A. equipmentB. grassC. campsD. stones7. A. remoteB. quietC. tallD. clean8. A. newB. specialC. significantD. necessary9. A. paying offB. spreading outC. blowing upD. fading
7、away10. A. atmosphereB. experienceC. experimentD. sight11. A. studiedB. observedC. exploredD. regarded12. A. viewB. qualityC. reasonD. purpose13. A. scientistsB. climbersC. localsD. officials14. A. holding on toB. going back toC. living up toD. giving way to15. A. changesB. clearsC. improvesD. permi
8、ts16. A. matchB. imagineC. countD. add17. A. villageB. desertC. roadD. lake18. A. ObviouslyB. EasilyC. ConsequentlyD. Finally19. A. permanentB. littleC. freshD. artificial20. A. enjoyB. deserveC. saveD. acquire【答案】1-5 DCCBA6-10 CDCAB11-15 DABDA16-20 CBDAB【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有4万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山,他们带来了垃圾,
9、破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失,改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑,想一探究竟。当他来到这里,他发现当地环保措施很到位,同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认为乞力马扎罗山不应该被称为一座拥挤不堪的山峰。1.考查动词辨析。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect联系；D. bring带来。句意：他们带来了很多的垃圾。由“lots of waste”可知,登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故D选项切题。2.考查名词辨析。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“
10、40,000”可知,这是一个庞大的群体。故C选项切题。3.考查名词辨析。A. position位置；B. age年龄；C. face外貌；D. name名字。句意：冰川正在消失,改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一,所以冰川融化会改变它的地貌。故C选项切题。4. 考查形容词辨析。A. silent 沉默的；B. skeptical怀疑的；C. serious严肃的；D. crazy疯狂的。句意：听到这些故事,我对这个地方产生了怀疑其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下文可知,作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山,作者想解开这个怀疑。故be skeptical about“对怀疑”符
11、合句意。故B选项切题。5. 考查动词辨析。A. discover发现；B. argue争论；C. decide决定；D. advocate提倡。句意：然而,我很快发现,自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来,情况发生了很大的变化。由“much has changed ”可知,作者发现了很大的变化。故A选项切题。6. 考查名词辨析。A. equipment装备 ；B. grass草C. camps营地；D. stones石头。句意：我很快发现,自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来,情况发生了很大的变化。由下文“at camps ”可知,本句属于原词再现。故C
12、选项切题。7. 考查形容词辨析。A. remote遥远的；B. quiet安静的C. tall高的; D. clean干净的。句意：我发现了一座干净的山,营地里和路边都有厕所。由“with toilet at camps and along the paths”可知,营地里和路边都有厕所。所以这是一座干净的山。故D选项切题。8. 考查形容词辨析。A. new新的；B. special特殊的；C. significant相当大的；D. necessary必要的。句意：环境挑战是巨大的,但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知,很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川消失的可能
13、性。这对于环境保护来说是一个巨大的挑战。故C选项切题。9.考查动词短语辨析。A. paying off还清,报偿；B. spreading out伸展；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away逐渐消退。句意：这对于环境保护的挑战是巨大的,但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。由“but”可知,前后表示转折关系,说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故A选项切题。10.考查名词辨析。A. atmosphere氛围；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D. sight视力。句意：在我看来,来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达
14、顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。故B选项切题。11.考查动词辨析。A. studied学习；B. observed观察；C. explored探索；D. regarded认为。句意：在许多文化中，山都被视为一种精神寄托。由“spiritual space ”,可知,山被许多文化视为精神场所。be regarded as“被视为.”符合句意。故D选项切题。12. 考查名词辨析。A. view景色；B. quality质量；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的。句意：在乞力马扎罗山上，游客仅攀登几公里，就能穿越五个生态系统，景色差异极大。有五个生态系统,所以景色也是明显的不同。故A选项切
15、题。13.考查名词辨析。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers登山者；C. locals当地人；D. officials官员。句意：在乞力马扎罗,当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时,景色尤为明显。故B选项切题。14.考查动词短语辨析。A. holding on to抓住；B. going back to回到（原来的话题）；C. living up to履行；D. giving way to向.让步。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头,生长着大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头,所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。giving way to“向.让步”符合句意。故D选项切题。15.考查动词辨析。A. changes改变；B. clears清理；C. improves提高； D. permits允许。句意：再往上走,天气变了低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由“low clouds”可知,生态系统不同,天气也是不同的,是变化的。故A选项切题。16.考查动词辨析。A. match匹配；B. imagine想
