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1、AttributiveClause 定语从句 1 概念 定语从句 在复合句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句 定语是在名词或名词性短语前对其进行修饰和限制的成分 2 相关信息 HeisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs 定语从句 先行词 引导词 引导词 关系代词 关系副词 who whom that which whoseas where when why 定语从句一般放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面 被定语从句限定的词是 引导定语从句的词叫做 或 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用 即连接连接定语从句和主句替代替代前面的先行词成分在定语从句中要充当一定的句子
2、成分 先行词 关系代词 关系副词 1 Thefanwhichyouwantisonthedesk 2 Thearmydugoutthepeoplewhoweretrappedintheruins 3 Themagazinewhichhasbeentakenawayismine 4 Thestudentswhodon tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam 5 Thewomanwhomyousawintheparkisourgeographyteacher 6 TheletterwhichIreceivedyesterdayisfrommysister 1 that 1 Let
3、 saskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere 人主语 2 Thenoodles that Icookedweredelicious 物宾语 that指人 物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 Thewomanwho thatlivesnextdoorisateacher 1Thewomanisateacher 2Thewomanlivesnextdoor 2 which 1 Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn tneedmuchwater 2 Thefish which weboughtwerenotfresh 物主语 物宾语可省 which
4、指物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 Aplaneisamachinewhich thatcanfly 1Aplaneisamachine 2Themachinecanfly ItwaswrittenbyLaoshe Janehasborrowedthebook Janehasborrowedthebookthat whichwaswrittenbyLaoshe 3 关系代词 who和whom 1 who指人 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief 2
5、 whom指人 作宾语 作宾语可省略 Theman whom who ItalkedtoisMr Li Doyouknowthemanwhospokejustnow Doyouknowtheman Hespokejustnow ThegirlisfromAmerica Icalledherjustnow Thegirl whom IcalledjustnowisfromAmerica Thelady who whom wemetyesterdayisMissGreen 1TheladyisMissGreen 2Wemetheryesterday 1 ThisisourmonitorwhoseE
6、nglishisverygood 2 Iborrowedabookfromthelibrarywhosenameis WarandPeace whose用来指人或物 只用作定语 4 关系代词whose Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisveryshortinourclass Doyouknowthegirl Herhairisveryshortinourclass Heisthestudent Ibrokehispencilyesterday HeisthestudentwhosepencilIbrokeyesterday Whichhouseismine 房顶是棕色的房子
7、是我的 1 Thehouseismine whoseroofisbrown 2 Thehouseisbrownismine theroofofwhich 3 Thehouseisbrownismine ofwhichtheroof 1 Theeggs wereinthebasketwerenotfresh 2 Thefriend cametosupperlastnightwasn thungry 3 Thenoodles youcookedweredelicious 4 Hesawahouse windowswereallbroken which that who that which tha
8、t whose Fillintheblankswithwho whom whose whichandthat 指代 所做成分 是否可省略 that 人 物 主语 宾语 作宾语可省 which 物 主语 宾语 作宾语可省 who 人 主语 宾语 作宾语可省 whom 人 宾语 可省 whose 人 物 定语 不可省 关系代词的用法 关系代词 1 that可指人 可指物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 前面不能加介词 2 which指物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 若介词提前则不能省 3 who指人 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 前面不能加介词 4 whom指人 作宾语 作宾语可省略 若介词提前则不能省
9、 5 Whose可以指人也可以指物 表示所属关系 非限制性定语从句 1 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语 如果去掉 主句就会失去意义或意义不完整 这种从句和先行词的关系十分密切 写时不用逗号和主句分开 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十分密切 只是对先行词做些附加说明 如果去掉 主句的意思仍然清楚 这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开 在讲话时语调上须停顿 一般不用that引导 注意非限制性定语从句中 即使关系代词作宾语也不能省略 Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited Football whichisaver
10、yinterestinggame isplayedallovertheworld LiMing whosemotherhasbeenillfortwodays isabsentfromschooltoday 如果把从句部分去掉 整个句子的含义就变了 Wewenttothehospitalyesterday whichwasbuiltlastyear 1 Hisdogdied whichmadehimsad 2 Heinvitedustodinner whichwasverykindofhim 3 Hechangedhismind whichmademeveryangry 4 Hedrankbe
11、er wnichmadehimfat 5 Shewasverypatienttowardsthechildren whichherhusbandseldomwas 1 介词 关系代词的情况 Themanwho whomyouspokewasascientist Thecitythat whichshelivesisfaraway to in 介词 关系代词的情况 Themanwho whomyouspokewasascientist Thecitythat whichshelivesisfaraway to in Arethesetwosentencesright who that不能用与介词
12、之后 2 介词 关系代词的情况 Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter 下面两句中的介词能提前吗 小结 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开 介词仍放在短语动词后面 如 lookfor lookafter takecareof lookat listento等 1 Doyoulikethebookshespent 10 2 Doyoulikethebookshepaid 10 3 Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot 4 Doyoulikethebooksheoftental
13、ks 5 Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies 介词 关系代词的情况练习 onwhich forwhich fromwhich aboutwhich throughwhich 6 Thereisatalltreeoutside standsourteacher 7 Chinahasalotofrivers thesecondlongest istheYellowRiver 8 Thetower peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill 9 Theman Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwr
14、estling 10 Hepaidtheboy 10forwashingtenwindows most hadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear underwhich ofwhich fromwhich towhom ofwhich 3 介词 关系代词 前还可有some any none all both neither many most each few等代词或数词 Heloveshisparentsdeeply bothofwhomareverykindtohim Mygirlfriendofferedmemanynovels mostofwhichIamnotf
15、amiliarwith 2 Thisistheboy whom who that Iplayedtenniswithyesterday Thisistheboy Iplayedtennisyesterday 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩 3 ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking 改错 ThisisthewatchwhichIamlookingfor withwhom 4 Themanwiththat whoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbor 改错 Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbor 5 Thepl
16、aneinthatweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable 改错 TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable 小结 关系代词紧跟在介词之后时 指人只能用whom 指物只能用which Hehastwosons neitherofwhomlookslikehim Hehastwosons andneitherofthemlookslikehim I vegottwosisters BothofthemareinShanghai 比较 neitherofwhom andneitherofthem I vegottwosisters andbothofthemareinShanghai I vegottwosisters bothofwhomareinShanghai I vegottwosisters bothofthemareinShanghai Theoldmanhastwosons arelawyers A bothofthemB bothofthesonsC bothofwhomD bothoftw
