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1、书山有路2015年高考英语阅读理解题及答案 9套 Ourbrainsworkincomplexandstrangeways Therearesomepeoplewhocancalculatethedayoftheweekforanygivendatein40 000years butwhocannotaddtwoplustwo Otherscanperformcomplexclassicalpianopiecesafterhearingthemonce buttheycannotreadorwrite Dr J LangdonDownfirstdescribedthisconditionin1
2、887 Hecalledthesepeopleidiotsavants Anidiotsavantisapersonwhohassignificantmentalimpairment 损伤 suchasinautism 孤独症 自闭症 orretardation Atthesametime thepersonalsoexhibitssomeextraordinaryskills whichareunusualformostpeople Theskillsofthesavantmayvaryfrombeingexceptionallygiftedinmusicorinmathematics or
3、havingaphotographicmemory Oneofthefirstdescriptionsofahumanwhocouldcalculatequicklywaswrittenin1789byDr BenjaminRush anAmericandoctor Hispatient ThomasFuller wasbroughttoVirginiaasaslavein1724 IttookThomasonly90secondstoworkoutthatamanwhohaslived70years 17days and12hourshaslived2 210 500 800seconds
4、Despitethisability hediedin1790withouteverlearningtoreadorwrite Anotheridiotsavantslavebecamefamousasapianistinthe1860s BlindTomhadavocabularyofonly100words butheplayed5 000musicalpiecesbeautifully IntheexcellentmovieRainMan madein1988andavailableonvideocassette DustinHoffmanplaysanidiotsavantwhoama
5、zeshisbrotherplayedbyTomCruise withhisabilitytoperformcomplexcalculationsveryrapidly Todaywemoreclearlyrecognizethattheidiotsavantisspecialbecauseofbrainimpairment Yetnotallbrainimpairmentleadstosavantskills Somestudieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohavepurposefulinterruptionoftheleftsideofthebraincandevelop
6、idiotsavantskills Howeverfewpeoplewishtoparticipateinsuchexperiments Therearemanyexcellentreasonsfornotundergoingunnecessaryexperimentationonone sbrain Thetermidiotsavantisoutdatedandinappropriate Virtuallyallsavantshaveahighdegreeofintelligenceandarethusnotidiots 72 Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabou
7、t A Idiotsavantshaveareasofoutstandingabilities B HumanBeingshavecomplicatedthinkingprocess C Thebrainsoftheidiotsavantsarepartlyimpaired D Thereasonswhypeoplehavewonderfulskillsvary 73 WhichofthefollowingcanbedonebyRainMan A Hecanplaywonderfulpiecesofclassicalmusic B Hecanguessoutexactlythelengthof
8、aman slife C Hecanmemorizethecontentsofthepicturesfast D Hecancountmatchesdroppedonthefloorquickly 74 Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage A Idiotsavantshaverealtalentsforartandmath B Dr Downisthefirstpersonwhofoundidiotsavants C Fewpeoplewishtoriskbecomingsavantsbybrainoperations D Intentionalleftbrainimp
9、airmentswillsurelyleadtoidiotsavants 75 Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage 答案 72 75ADCB 1 书山有路Lawsthatwouldhaveensuredpupilsfromfiveto16receivedafullfinancialeducationgotlostinthe washup Anapplicationiscallingonthenextgovernmenttobringitback Atschoolthechildrenaretaughttoaddupandsubtra
10、ct 减法 but extraordinarily arenotroutinelyshownhowtoopenabankaccount letalonehowtomanagetheirfinancesinanincreasinglycomplexanddemandingworld TodaytheparentingwebsiteMumsnetandtheconsumercampaignerMartinLewishavejoinedforcestolaunchanonlineapplicationtomakefinancialeducationacompulsoryelementofthesch
11、oolcurriculuminEngland Childrenfromfiveto16shouldbetaughtabouteverythingfrompocketmoneytopensions theysay AndthatwasexactlytheplanpreservedintheChildren SchoolsandFamiliesbillthatwasshelvedbythegovernmentintheso called wash up earlierthismonth therushtolegislationbeforeparliamentwasdismissed Consume
12、randparentgroupsbelievefinancialeducationhasalwaysbeenoneofthemostfrustratingomissionsofthecurriculum AsthePersonalFinanceEducationGroup Pfeg pointsout thegoodhabitsofyoungchildrendonotlastlong Over75 ofseven to11 year oldsaresaversbutbythetimetheygetto17 overhalfofthemareindebttofamilyandfriends By
13、thisage 26 seeacreditcardoroverdraft 透支 asawayofextendingtheirspendingpower Pfegpredictsthattheseyoungpeoplewill finditmuchhardertoavoidtheseriousunexpecteddangersthathavebefallenmanyoftheirparents generationunlesstheyreceivegoodqualityfinancialeducationwhileatschool TheUKhasbeenintheworstfinancialr
14、ecession 衰退 forgenerations Itdoesseemoddthat unlessparentsstepin youngpeopleareleftinthedarkuntiltheyarecruellyintroducedtotheworldofdebtwhentheyturnupatuniversity Inarecentpollofover8 000people 97 supportedfinancialeducationinschools while3 saiditwasajobforparents 61 Thepassageismainlyabout A howto
15、manageschoollessonsB howtodealwiththefinancialcrisisC teachingyoungpeopleaboutmoneyD teachingstudentshowtostudyeffectively62 Itcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat A theauthorcomplainsabouttheschooleducationB pupilsshouldnotbetaughttoaddupandsubtractC studentshavebeentaughttomanagetheirfinance
16、sD lawsonfinancialeducationhavebeeneffectivelycarriedout63 Thewebsiteandtheconsumercampaignerjoinedto A instructthepupilstodonatetheirpocketmoneyB promotetheconnectionofschoolsandfamiliesC askthegovernmenttodismisstheparliamentD appealforthecurriculumoffinancialeducation64 AccordingtoPfeg A itiseasytokeepgoodhabitslongB teenagersspendtheirmoneyasplannedC parentsarewillingtopaythedebtfortheirkidsD itwillbeintroubleiftheteenagersareleftalone 2 3 书山有路65 Apollismentionedto A stressthenecessityofthec
