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1、 凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！第 1 页 共 2 页2017 考研英语阅读每日精选：穿衣如何提高影响力?在考研英语中，阅读分数可谓是占到了总分的半壁江山，正所谓“得阅读者得考研”。对于备考考研的同学们，在平时的复习中一定要拓展阅读思路，各类话题都要关注，这样才能在整体上提升考研英语阅读水平!一起来学习吧!导读：上班是该穿西服打领带，还是 T 恤衫牛仔随意搞定?你的部门对工作着装有没有要求?工作着装为何很重要?科学家为你找到了答案。The old aphorism that “clothes make the man” might have some science behind i
2、t.有句老话说得好：人靠衣装，马靠鞍。这句话不是没有科学根据。Recently published research shows what we wear not only affects how we and other people perceive us, it can also make us look at the world differently. Even if your company doesnt have a dress code requiring employees to put on suits and ties and skirts covering the kn
3、ees, you might want to put on slightly more formal attire if you want to get ahead in your career.最新公布的研究表明，着装不仅仅会影响我们和他人对自己的看法，还能让我们换个角度去看世界。即使公司没有诸如穿西装、打领带、裙子过膝盖一类的着装令，但希望在职场上更有作为的人，还是会穿得更正式一些。In 2013, Adam D. Galinsky, a professor at Northwesterns Kellogg School of Management in the US, populariz
4、ed the idea of “enclothed cognition”.2013 年，美国西北大学凯洛格商学院的亚当加林斯基教授，推广了“穿衣认知”这一理念。According to The New York Times, Galinsky found that when people put on a white lab coat they believe belongs to a doctor, they became more focused and careful and they were a little smarter when performing cognitive tas
5、ks.据纽约时报报道，加林斯基教授发现，当人们穿上他们认为是只有医生才穿的白大褂时，他们会表现得更专注、更细心，在执行认知性任务时也会更机智。The phrase “enclothed cognition” is derived from “embodied cognition”, the idea that your thoughts are shaped by your physical activities.“穿衣认知”从“体验认知”而来，即你的身体活动构造了你的思想。For example, washing your hands is associated with moral or
6、ethical judgments. Another example is if you carry a heavy clipboard, you will feel more important.比如，洗手这个动作和道德或伦理判断有联系。又或者，当你拿着一个很重的写字板时，你会自觉感到更加重要。Galinsky found that clothes invade both the body and the mind, putting the wearer into a different psychological state.加林斯基教授发现，服装会“侵入”你的身体和思想，让穿着者产生完全
7、不同的心理状态。A more recent study looking specifically at how formal clothes change peoples thought processes confirms this. “Putting on formal clothes makes us feel powerful, and that changes the basic way we see the world,” says Abraham Rutchick, an author of the study and a professor of psychology at C
8、alifornia State University in the US. 凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！第 2 页 共 2 页另一项调查专门研究了正装如何改变了人们的思维过程，同时也证实了上述结论。该项调研的负责人、美国加州州立大学的心理学教授亚伯拉罕卢奇克表示，“穿正装让我们感觉更强大，而这种感觉改变了我们看待世界的基本方式。”Big ideas好点子According to The Atlantic, Rutchick and his colleagues found that wearing clothing thats more formal than usual make
9、s people think more broadly, rather than narrowly and about small details. In other words, wearing a suit encourages people to use abstract processing more readily than concrete processing.据美国大西洋月刊报道，卢奇克和他的同事们发现，穿着更正式可以让人们的思路更开阔，不再拘泥于小细节。换句话说，穿西服更容易让人们发挥抽象思维，而非具象思维。How can abstract processing help u
10、s at work? Imagine you get critical feedback from your colleagues or your boss.抽象处理在工作上有何帮助?试想你的同事或者上司给了一个批评性的反馈意见。“If you think about it with a concrete processing style, its more likely to negatively impact your self-esteem,” says Michael Slepian, another one of the papers authors and a professor
11、of management at Columbia Business School in the US. Slepian added that thinking about money with an abstract processing style might lead one to avoid impulsive purchases in favor of smarter, long-term savings behaviors.“如果你具象化地去思考这件事，可能会感觉非常伤自尊，”研究论文的另一位作者、美国哥伦比亚大学商学院的管理学教授迈克尔斯乐宾表示。他还补充道，用抽象化的处理方式看
12、待金钱问题，可以让人避免冲动购物，转而青睐长期储蓄。But as casual attire becomes the norm in a lot of workplaces, it would seem that people will no longer associate formal attire with power and competence.但是，随着休闲着装在很多工作场所已被大家习以为常，人们看似不再将正装和权力以及能力相关联。Slepian thinks the opposite. “You could even predict the effect could get st
13、ronger if formal clothing is only reserved for the most formal of situations,” he was quoted by The Atlantic as saying: “It takes a long time for symbols and our agreed interpretations of those symbols to change, and I wouldnt expect the suit as a symbol of power to be leaving us anytime soon.”然而，斯乐宾并不这么认为，他表示，“如果正装只在最正式的场合出现，你甚至可以想象得到，它对人的影响会更强烈。” 大西洋月刊援引他的话称，“我们生活中的符号以及我们对这些符号的解读需要很长时间才能改变，我认为正装作为权力符号的意义不会很快消失。”
