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1、Evaluation on Environmental Safety Effect of Natural Gas StorageYU Chang1,2,3, TIAN Guansan，WANG Guolei 1 Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Utilization Technologies in Buildings，Ministry of Education ，Jinan, China2 Shandong Key Laboratory of Building Energy-saving Technique, Jinan, China3 School of
2、 Thermal Energy Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China1. , 2.tgs4170 Abstract: Based on the constructing of natural gas storage tank, the latent safety to the surrounding environment is paid attention. Pointed out that the detrimental effect can be forecasted effectively by using des
3、truction range assessment methods. The explosion energy of the storage tank is estimated and the explosion shock wave superpressure values are calculated by using simulation proportionality factor and TNT experimental data. The explosive detrimental effects are forecasted by using the overpressure c
4、riterion and the harmful relations recommended by World Bank. Take a storage tank with volume of 5000 m3 and pressure 1.20MPa as the example, safey distance of the physical explosion is 144.0m, while the chemical explosion is 247.7m. This study can provide reference for selecting location, determini
5、ng the safety distance and the region division.Keywords: natural gas;environmental safety;explosion;explosion energy;detrimental effect;safety evaluation天然气储存对环境安全性效应评价于 畅1,2,3，田贯三，王国磊1可再生能源建筑利用技术省部共建教育部重点实验室，济南，中国，2501012山东省建筑节能技术重点实验室，济南，中国，2501013山东建筑大学热能工程学院，济南，中国，2501011. , 2.tgs4170 【摘要】针对城市天
6、然气储气罐的不断兴建与发展趋势的大型化，对于已建和待建储罐区对周围环境的潜在安全性问题，指出运用破坏伤害范围评价法可直观的预测破坏效应。通过对储罐爆炸释放能量的估算，采用模拟比法结合TNT爆炸试验数据计算出距离储气罐不同距离处爆破冲击波超压值，运用超压准则模拟预测出不同规格、储压下储罐爆破破坏伤害严重程度及危及半径范围；采用世界银行推荐的危害关系式结合伤害破坏等级分析了天然气爆炸破坏效应并与爆破效应比较。5000m3储气罐、储压1.20MPa下，储罐爆破和天然气爆炸危及距离分别可达144.0m和247.7m。依据预测结果，可将罐区周围划分不同区域，为实际工程中罐区选址、建设、安全距离确定及安全
7、预案制定提供参考。【关键词】天然气；环境安全；爆炸；爆炸能量；破坏效应；安全评价1 IntroductionWith the development of natural gas industry, as city load store matchs facilities, natural gas propane tanks are constantly constructed. Compared with the normal pressure tank, natural gas propane tanks pressure is higher and the reserve is bigg
8、er. the pressure of 0.801.60MPa are used, but the tanks working pressure1,2 is commonly 0.78 MPa, and they are pressure vessels. The specification of single tank tends to large-scale, the total volume mostly in 10 tons which is the critical value, and the tank belong to major hazards3, so the safety
9、 problems are very much concerned. The safety can be assessed with danger index method, such as Dow F&E index method, MOND method of ICI company, risk evaluation method and so on4. These methods can estimate high risk and make risk hierarchies, but for hazard the damage from the scope of the impact
10、analysis involving less. Destruction damage radius evaluation method is adopted to disk analysis and damage radius analysis, and made reference value for urban gas storage area location, construction and safety distance.2 Tank blast energy calculationsTwo main risk factors of natural gas propane tan
11、ks are overpressure or demolition and chemica l explosion by gas leakage. But the damage effects and explosion explosion source is directly related to the explosion energy.2.1 Explosion energy calculationsTanks demolition physical explosion, mediums chemical properties are the same but state paramet
12、er is changed. Tank explosion energy is not only related to medium pressure and volume, but also medium phase. The process finishes in the instant, so we can see the tank explosion energy is results of natural gas adiabatic expansion5,6, tank explosion energy can be calculated by formula 1. (1)Where
13、 Eg is tank explosion energy(KJ), p is the absolute pressure in the tank reservoir(MPa), V is volume of tank(m3), k is adiabatic exponent of natural gas, methanes adiabatic approximation for 1.31 approximately2. According to formula 1, the results of tank explosion energy simulated by different volu
14、me are showed in figure 1 and figure 2. Figure 1. Curve: Relationship between explosion energy and tank volumeFigure 2. Curve: Relationship between explosion energy and gas pressureAt the same store presses, explosion energy is proportional increase linearly with the volume. The proportional coeffic
15、ient is explosion energy coefficient4. The higher the store presser, the bigger explosion energy. Calculation results show that explosion energy caused by unit pressure is shown by increasing trend at the same volume. 2.2 Chemical explosion energy calculationsWhen the natural gas in the tank divulge
16、s to environment forming widely range of mix flammable gas, the detonation caused by delay fire belongs to the chemical explosion and the energy mainly comes from the pot the natural gas internal energy. Because only part of density located at explosion limit, but only part of this part mixtures only part can have the burst wave destr
