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1、 unit4 Contents lDetailedstudyofTextILetterwriting regrettinghavingmissedseeingafriend TextIlPre readingactivities What sthedifferencebetweenreadbetweenthelinesandwritebetweenthelines readbetweenthelines findmoremeaningsthanthewordsappeartoexpress gathermoremeaningsfromatextthatarenotactuallystated
2、butimplied writebetweenthelines notasetphrase apieceofgoodadviceonhowto read efficiently readisreplacedwithwritetostresstheimportanceofwritingnotesandcommentsoneisreading lWhile readingactivities Discussion Howdoyouread a mythsandmisconceptionsaboutreadingConcentratingoneachwordinprintaidscomprehens
3、ionandmemoryTheonlywaytoreadanythingisslowlyandcarefullyGoingbackoverjust readmaterialimprovesunderstandingComprehensiondecreasesasrateincreasesItisphysicallyimpossibletoreadrapidlybecauseyoureyescannotmovethatquicklyFastreadingtakespleasureoutofreading b readingstrategies moreinword mouththewords v
4、ocalizing gobackoverjust readmaterial regressing trytousethecontexttoworkoutthemeaningofunfamiliarwordsmentallytranslateeverythingpredictthecontentofthetextonthebasisofheadings picturesandtheintroductorysentencestrytounderstandnotonlythedetailsbuttheorganizationofthetextwhilereadingmarkupthebookinit
5、smarginalspacebywritingdownmyownthoughtsandfeelingaboutacertainideaorfactlookupeverysinglenewword word by wordreading c tipsforreading 1 Beforestartingtoread readthecontentspageofthebookhaveaquicklookatthechapterheadingshaveaglanceattheIndexwhichishelpfulforspecificinformation c tipsforreading 2 Ski
6、mmingandscanning Skimmingisareadingskillyouusewhenyouwanttogetthemainideaofabook readtheintroduction usuallytheopeningparagraphofachapter readtheconclusion usuallythefinalparagraphofachapter readveryquickly skiporleaveoutsmallportionsofthematerialinordertogetthemainideas c tipsforreading Scanningisa
7、readingskillyouusewhenyouwanttocheckquicklywhetheratextyouarereadingcontainsinformationyouneed thinkofsomekeywordsconnectedwiththeinformationyouneed lookquicklydownthepagetoseeifyoucanspotanyofthe ifyoudo readthesentencesaroundthemtocheckiftheinformationiswhatyouneed lookforchapterheadings paragraph
8、headings wordsinboldtype wordsunderlined theygiveyoualotofinformationaboutthecontentsofthereadingmatter iftheinformationyouneedisinabook lookatthelistofcontentsandindexes 3 Note taking writedownimportantpoints thepointsrelevanttoyourneeds sometimesusefulexpressionstohelpimproveyourlanguage underline
9、 usesymbolsorwritebetweenthelines inthemargins ontheendpapersoronascratchpadorinanotebook sortoutthemainpoints whichwillhelptofocusonthereadingaswellastoprovideasummary 4 readingspeed textbooks slowspeed lessthan100wpmforintensivereading studyandremember fiction fastspeed 200 250wpm readingforentert
10、ainment non fiction averagespeed 150 200wpm readingforspecialpurpose newspapers fastspeed 200 250wpm readingforinformation magazines fastspeed 200 250wpm readingforinformationorentertainment Studythetextindetail 1 Themainideaofthestory Thisisatypicalpieceofargumentation Thewritermakeshisintentionpla
11、inattheverybeginning toarguethatwritingbetweenthelinesisanefficientwayofreadingwhilepresentingdetailstosupporthisownargument thewriterdoesnotignorethecounter arguments 2 Thesupportingdetails Thisessaycanbedividedintothreeparts theintroduction thebody andtheconclusion 1 Theintroduction para 1 Thefirs
12、tparagraphoftheessayisaskilfulbeginning Thewriterputsforwardhisargumentdirectly Unlessyouwritebetweenthelines youarenotlikelytodothemostefficientkindofreading Thebody paras 2 10 thebodyoftheessayconsistsoffourparts inwhichthewriterdevelopshisargumentbycitingexamples illustrations makingcomparisons g
13、ivingpersonalopinionsandappealingtocommonknowledge Theseservetostrengthenthemainideas 1 Markingupabookisnotanactofmutilationbutoflove 2 Markingupabookinproofofthereader srespectforthewriterratherthanforthebindingandtypography 3 Markingupabookisindispensabletoactivereading 4 Markingupabookhasalotofad
14、vantages 1 Ideasaswellasthelanguageacquiredaftercarefulthoughtarenotforgotteneasily 2 Thespaceavailableinthebookisexpectedtobeusedforthereader sconvenience 3 Thoughtsandreactionsofthereaderplacedalongsidethoseofthewritercanbereadilyreferredtowhennecessary 3 Theconclusion para 11 Markingabookisanexpr
15、essionofthereader sagreementsordifferencesofopinionwiththeauthor Thisservesasaconvincingending Languagepoints inthecourseof thecourseofaction majorcourses sb sth belikelytodosomething itispossibleforsb todosth contendthat toargueorstatethatsth istrue contendwithsth havetodealwithsth difficultorunple
16、asant markupabook mutilate mutilation preludeto transfermoney transfersb toaschool transfersth fromoneplacetoanother fromfronttoback inthemostimportantsense inthemostimportantmeaningofthewordina sense inthebroad narrowsense inaliteral figurativesense inafavorable derogatorysense topreserveintactandunblemished anelegantlyboundedition tokeepabookwhichisexquisitely beautifullyboundinperfectshapeandunspoiledintact wholeorcompletebecausenoparthasbeendamagedorchangedBoundisthepastparticipleofbind Cf c
