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1、摘要本试验选用哈尔滨市农信油菜种子和黑龙江省盛鸿油菜种子为材料,在实验室内采用培养皿滤纸发芽法1,在不同浓度的NaCl单盐胁迫下进行种子发芽实验(浓度梯度设为0、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%、1.2%七个梯度),测定发芽率、发芽指数、发芽势和活力指数等指标。结果表明:在单盐胁迫下,随着胁迫浓度的增加,油菜种子的发芽率、发芽指数、发芽势和活力指数均有不同程度的降低,相对盐害率升高,种子开始发芽的时间推迟且发芽过程延长; NaCl的胁迫对油菜种子萌发的抑制作用很大,其中浓度0.4%NaCl的胁迫对油菜发芽率的抑制均达到了50%以上分别为88%、88%,在浓度为2.0%的NaCl
2、胁迫下两种供试材料的发芽率均为零;盐胁迫对种子发芽有抑制作用,但低浓度盐胁迫对种子发芽有促进作用。农信油菜种子优于盛鸿油菜种子的抗盐性。关键词:氯化钠胁迫;油菜;种子萌发AbstractThis experiment chooses its rape seed and Harbin in Heilongjiang ShengHong rape seed in the laboratory for material, using flasks filter method 1, germinate in different concentrations of salt stress were Na
3、Cl single seed germination experiment (concentration gradient for 0, 0.2%, 0.4% 0.6 percent, and seven gradient, 1.0%, 1.2%), the determination of germination rate, germination index, potential and vigor index, index. The results showed that the single under salt stress concentration of stress, alon
4、g with the increase of seed germination, rape, germination index, germination and vigor index had different degrees, relative rate of salt, seeds to germinate time delay and germination process, The stress on rapeseed NaCl on seed germination, including the inhibition of the stress concentration of
5、soybean NaCl 0.4% rate reached the inhibition of 50% respectively, concentration, 88% 88 for NaCl of 2.0% under the stress of two selected materials for the germination rate, Salt stress on seed germination, but low concentration of salt stress on seed germination. ShengHong rape seed than its rape
6、seed salt resistance.Keywords: sodium chloride stress, Rape, Seed germination 目录 摘要.1Abstract.21.前言.21.1油菜概述.21. 2研究的目的和意义.31. 3国内外研究的现状.32.材料与方法.42.1试验材料.42.2试验药品.42.3试验仪器.42.4试验方法.42.4.1种子预处理.42.4.2培养皿标号及处理设计.42.4.3栽培后管理.52.5测定项目.52.5.1种子净度及千粒重检验.52.5.2种子萌发过程中吸水量的测定.62.5.3种子胚根生长的测定.62.5.4氯化钠胁迫对油菜种
7、子形态指标的测定.62.5.5平均发芽天数和相对盐害率的测定.63结果与分析. .73.1种子净度及千粒重.73.2不同浓度的氯化钠胁迫对油菜种子吸水率的影响.73.3不同浓度的氯化钠对油菜种子胚根生长的影响.73.4氯化钠胁迫对油菜种子形态指标的影响. .8 3.5氯化钠胁迫对两种油菜种子萌发的抑制作用.10 总结.11 参考文献.12 致谢.14 1.前言1.1油菜概述 油菜为十字花科,芸苔属,一年生草本。直根系。茎直立,分枝较少,株高30-90cm。叶互生,分基生叶和茎生叶两种。基生叶不发达,匍匐生长,椭圆形,长10-20cm,有叶柄,大头羽状分裂,顶生裂片圆形或卵形,侧生琴状裂片5对,密被刺毛,有蜡粉。茎生叶和分枝叶无叶柄,下部茎生叶羽状半裂,基部扩展且抱茎,两面有硬毛和缘毛;上部茎生时提琴形或披针形,基部心形,抱茎,两侧有垂耳,全缘或有技状细齿。总状无限花序,着生于主茎或分枝顶端。花黄色,花瓣4,为