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1、汽车制造业看好天然纤维增强材料（The automotive industry is bullish on natural fiber reinforced materials）Author: Cheng WeiWith the growing awareness of environmental protection, a variety of natural fibers have been further recognized, and once again entered the field of automotive components. Due to its advantages
2、 in weight and cost, natural fiber is becoming more and more popular in automotive interior decoration and has been used in automotive exterior parts.With the growing awareness of environmental protection, a variety of natural fibers have been further recognized, and once again entered the field of
3、automotive components. Natural fiber as insulation / sound and damping materials, especially as the polymeric material filling and reinforcing material, because in terms of weight and cost advantages and in manufacturing automotive interiors in the greater, and has begun for exterior automobile part
4、s (such as the fender liner and a spoiler etc.) try.Performance advantagesThe car with natural fiber mainly refers to plant fiber, such as kenaf, hemp, flax, jute and sisal, hemp fiber and coir fiber etc. Compared with synthetic fibers, natural fibers and their composites have the following advantag
5、es in performance.Ecological protection: properties of hemp fiber short growth period, the growth of environmental requirements is not high; the growth process without pesticide and fertilizer; growth, harvest, processing power consumption; on carbon dioxide absorption ability, can mitigate the gree
6、nhouse effect; the production process has no pollution, the use of three wastes process is free harmful chemicals (such as the recent concern formaldehyde) and particles (glass fiber components); without chemical adhesive, forming bonding process and substrate heat in one step; instead of chemical f
7、iber and synthetic materials such as plastics, can save the limited oil resources; no toxic emissions, biodegradable landfill after incineration when using renewable cycle;Application performance: hemp fiber composite insulation, sound-absorbing performance is good; the energy absorption capacity, g
8、ood impact resistance, no brittle fracture (very favorable for improving the safety of the car); the burning rate is low; stiffness, toughness and fracture characteristics of good incision; good low temperature performance;The forming process of low pressure, a step of forming products, investment,
9、simplify the process of saving machinery and tooling (with billet step synthesis, without chemical bonding and subsequent processing of base and a decorative layer); forming large, complex three-dimensional shape drawing. The abrasion of the natural fiber in the process is also low;Light weight: low
10、 density, weight can reduce 1030% (comply with automotive lightweight requirements, improve fuel efficiency);Raw material cost is low, hemp fiber source is extensive; leftover bits can be broken again after carrying on thermoplastic processing, little waste produces.Processing modeAs filling materia
11、lThe flammability of hemp fiber composites is similar to that of talc filled compounds (50% short fiber filled PP has an oxygen index of 19.7% and talc filled PP with an oxygen index of 18.2%20%). A similar extrusion molding process can be used to mix PP and natural fibers online. On line synthetic
12、and molded natural fiber composites reported that their tensile strength and notch impact strength were better than mineral filled PP. Good strength / natural fiber materials with the weight ratio of alternative glass fiber filled plastics for automotive interiors.Natural fibers can also be used in
13、polyurethane composites. S Benz 1999 versions of the door panel is the first use of this technology, it uses flax, sisal and Kenaf mixture of 35% semi hard elastomer and 65% PUR. Extrusion machine manufacturers are developing will be directly introduced into the design of material mixing head of nat
14、ural fiber, and without felting process. In 1999, the roof of Opels Zefira brand mini car was made of two layers of sisal felt and PUR foam material was placed in the middle.Die formingDue to the development of various technical details of the company, the forming process is also different, but are
15、suitable for natural fiber processing. Usually the difference is in the combination of fibers and adhesive polymers and the way they are fed into the mold. Some processes use pre melted polymers, some of which are made of fiber like polymers with plant fibers before molding, and others incorporate p
16、olymer powders on the fiber mat before molding. Almost all of the processing is made of fiber into mat form, and the preparation of fiber and the processing of felt board are the key technologies. Thermosetting composites are dominated by thermoplastic composites because of their limitations in recycling.In addition, there are structural reaction injection molding (S-RIM) and short fiber reinforced injection molding. T
