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1、学海无涯 主谓一致 Subject Verb Agreement 概念引入 概念引入 I am a teacher She often does her homework in the morning There is only one box on the table There are 50 students in our class 语法讲解 语法讲解 高清课堂 直接引语和间接引语 高清课堂 直接引语和间接引语 P1 什么是主谓一致 什么是主谓一致 1 语法形式上要一致 即单复数形式与谓语要一致 2 意义上要一致 即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致 3 就近原则 即谓语动词的单
2、复形式取决于最靠近它的词语 一般来说 不可数名词与可数名词单数用动词单数 可数名词复数用动词复数 在英语的句子中 谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致 如何判定 则要看句 子的意思 多数情况下 根据句子的主语形式就能判定 但有的则要看整句的意思 及强调 的内容 下面我们就常用的 易混的几种情况作一下解释 比如 He are a teacher I is a student 分类讲解分类讲解 一 语法一致原则 1 单数主语 不定式 动名词或从句作主语时 谓语动词用单数 A student is studying English Serving the people is my great h
3、appiness When we deliver the goods hasn t been decided When and where we will go hasn t been decided 但当 what 引导的句子做主语 若后面是 be 名词 的结构时 谓语随名词变化 What you did is right What you need are these dictionaries 2 复数名词 代词作主语 谓语动词一般用复数形式 All the students clever are They English very much like 3 用 and 或 both and
4、 连接的单数名词 代词 动词不定式短语 动名词短语及主语从句 作主语谓语动词用复数形式 Both my father and my mother farmers are What I think and what I do been fairly in disagreement have 注意 1 当 and 连接的并列单数名词前有 each every no 或者 many a 等限定词时 谓语动词 通常用单数 Each student and each teacher been given a task has Every flower and every bush to be cut d
5、own is 2 当主语由 and 连结时 如果表示同一人或同一物时 谓语动词用单数 此时 and 后面的 名词无冠词 学海无涯 The worker and writer be from Wuhan is The worker and the writer be from Beijing are 4 不定代词 somebody someone something anybody anything everybody everyone everything nobody no one nothing 等作主语 谓语动词用单数形式 Something has have gone wrong wi
6、th my watch has Anybody who break breaks the rule will be punished breaks 5 each of either of one of 谓语动词用单数 none of neither of 可单可复 根据说话 人的意思决定 但代表不可数名词时 用单数 1 Each of the students a book has 2 None of us perfect are is 3 Neither of them the answer know knows 4 None of this me worries None of this
7、money mine is neither 作形容词时与单数名词连用 谓语动词用单数 Neither statement true was 6 many a 单数名词 more than one 单数名词 one and a half 复数名词 作主语 谓语动词用单数 1 many a foreigner been to the Great Wall has 2 More than one student turned up at the meeting was 3 One and a half bananas eaten by the boy was 7 Some a lot of half
8、 of the rest of part of plenty of 分数 of the majority of 名词 等作主语 谓语动词的单复数取决于 of 后的名词或代词的单复数形式 Two thirds of the students from countryside come Ninety percent of the work been done has 8 定语从句中的主谓一致 1 与先行词一致 定语从句中主语是关系代词 who that which 时 从句谓语动词应与先 行词保持一致 I who your teacher will share happiness and sorr
9、ow with you am 2 which as 代替一句话内容 谓语动词用单数 As known I am beautiful is 3 one of 复数名词 定语从句 从句中的谓语用复数形式 the only exact one of 复数名 词 定语从句 从句中的谓语用单数形式 Tom is one of the students who good at playing football are Tom is the only one of the students who good at playing football is 二 意义一致原则 9 集体名词 family audi
10、ence crew club class company committee party crowd group army government the public 等作主语时 如果作为一个整体看待 谓语用单数形式 如果指集体 中的各个成员 谓语动词用复数形式 The group made up of nine students is The group dancing happily are 注意1 集合名词cattle clothes people the police表示复数意义谓语动词永远复数 people 民 族 可数名词 peoples The Chinese people a
11、brave people is Chinese people making our country richer and richer are 学海无涯 2 Population The population of China over 1 3 billion and 80 of the population farmers is are 10 表示时间 距离 金钱 度量衡等复数名词作主语 表达一个整体概念时 谓语动词则用 单数形式 Two years passed since I left Ningbo has One million dollars a great sum of money
12、 is 11 有些名词如 fish deer sheep means works species 等用作单数或复数均可 谓语动词 随其含义而定 This glass works built in 1978 is Two steel works east of the city are Every means been tried has Many species died out have 12 学科名词 或 以 ics 结尾的学科名称作主语时 如 physics mathematics mechanics optics acoustics politics statistics econom
13、ics linguistics athletics 等 谓语动词通常用作单数 Physics a fundamental subject in science is 13 成双成对出现的复数名词如 glasses shoes trousers pants gloves socks slippers scissors 等 作主语时 谓语通常用复数 但如果前有 a the pair of a the suit of 等词语修饰时 谓语动词 与 pair suit 等一致 用单数 1 My trousers very nice are 2 A pair of shoes under the bed
14、is 14 主语是疑问代词who what which 不定代词all more most any none等以及名词half part the rest 等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义 其谓语视它们所代指的名词而定 1 Which more valuable health or wealth is 2 Which prettier these or those are 3 we had some paper but the rest put back was 15 the adj 作主语 the adj 表示一类人 谓语动词用复数 如 the old the young the rich
15、 the poor 等 the adj 表示某个人或一类抽象的事物 谓语动词用单数 如 the beautiful the good 等 The old taken good care of in our society are The rich for the decision but the poor against it was The wounded a young boy was The beautiful not always the same as the good is 16 a this that kind of 名词 单数或复数 作主语时 谓语动词用单数 如果主语是 kin
16、ds types of 名词或复数名词 of a this that kind 时 谓语动词用复数形式 即 kind s of n 谓语与 kind 一致 n of this kind 谓语与名词一致 The kind of apples well sell sells Men of this kind dangerous are 注意 由 kind form type species series 等修饰的主语 其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复 数 而不是他们后面所跟的名词 1 This new type of machine now on show is 2 Some new forms of art discussed at the meeting were 17 主语是 a large small quantity of 名词 可数或不可数 谓语动词用单数 如果是 large great quantifies of 名词 可数或不可数 时 谓语动词要用复数 也就是说谓语动词随 学海无涯 quantity 单复数而定 There a large quantity of milk ap
