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1、1 TheTelencephalon 山东大学医学院解剖教研室李振华 2 Externalfeature Thetelencephalonconsistsofrightandleftcerebralhemisphere partiallyseparatedbycerebrallongitudinalfissure ThecerebraltransversefissureintervenesbetweenthehemispheresandthecerebellumEachhemispherehasthreesurfaces superolateral medialandinferior 3 Th
2、reeprincipalsulciCentralsulcus中央沟Lateralsulcus外侧沟Parietooccipitalsulcus顶枕沟 Centralsulcus Lateralsulcus Parietooccipitalsulcus 4 FivelobesFrontallobe额叶Parietallobe顶叶Temporallobe颞叶Occipitallobe枕叶Insularlobe岛叶 Frontallobe Parietallobe Occipitallobe Temporallobe Insularlobe 5 SulciandgyriofSuperolateral
3、surface Frontallobe Precentralsulcus中央前沟Superiorfrontalsulcus额上沟Inferiorfrontalsulcus额下沟Precentralgyrus中央前回Superiorfrontalgyrus额上回Middlefrontalgyrus额中回Inferiorfrontalgyrus额下回 6 SulciandgyriofSuperolateralsurface Precentralsulcus Precentralgyrus Superiorfrontalsulcus Inferiorfrontalsulcus Superior mi
4、ddleandinferioefrontalgyri 7 Parietallobe Postcentralsulcus中央后沟Postcentralgyrus中央后回Intraparietalsulcus顶内沟Superiorparietallobule顶上小叶Inferiorparietallobule顶下小叶Supramarginalgyrus缘上回Angulargyrus角回 8 SulciandgyriofSuperolateralsurface Postcentralsulcus Postcentralgyrus Superiorparietallobule Supramargina
5、lgyrus Angulargyrus Intraparietalsulcus 9 Temporallobe Superiortemporalsulcus颞上沟Inferiortemporalsulcus颞下沟Superiortemporalgyrus颞上回Middletemporalgyrus颞中回Inferiortemporalgyrus颞下回Transversetemporalgyri颞横回 10 SulciandgyriofSuperolateralsurface Superiortemporalsulcus Inferiortemporalsulcus Superiortempora
6、lgyrus Middletemporalgyrus Inferiortemporalgyrus 11 Transversetemporalgyri 12 SulciandgyriofSuperolateralsurface Precentralsulcus Precentralgyrus Superiorfrontalsulcus Inferiorfrontalsulcus Superior middleandinferioefrontalgyri Postcentralsulcus Postcentralgyrus Superiorparietallobule Supramarginalg
7、yrus Angulargyrus Superiortemporalsulcus Inferiortemporalsulcus Superiortemporalgyrus Middletemporalgyrus Inferiortemporalgyrus 13 Sulciandgyriofmedialsurface Corpuscallosum胼胝体Callosalsulcus胼胝体沟Cingulatesulcus扣带沟Cingulategyrus扣带回Marginalramus缘支Paracentrallobule中央旁小叶Calcarinesulcus距状沟Cuneus楔叶Lingualg
8、yrus舌回 14 Sulciandgyriofmedialsurface Corpuscallosum Callosalsulcus cingulategyrus Cingulatesulcus Marginalramus Paracentrallobule Calcarinesulcus Cuneus Parietooccipitalsulcus Lingualgyrus 15 Sulciandgyriofinferiorsurface Olfactorybulb嗅球Olfactorytract嗅束Olfactorytrigone嗅三角Anteriorperforatedsubstance
9、前穿质Collateralsulcus侧副沟Occipitotemporalsulcus枕颞沟Medialoccipitotemporalgyrus枕颞内侧回Lateraloccipitotemporalgyrus枕颞外侧回Hippocampalsulcus海马沟Parahippocampalgyrus海马旁回Uncus钩Hippocampus海马Dentategyrus齿状回 Hippocampalformation海马结构 16 Inferiorsurface Olfactorybulb Olfactorytract Olfactorytrigone Anteriorperforateds
10、ubstance Collateralsulcus Occipitotemporalsulcus Medialandlateraloccipitotemporalgyri Parahippocampalgyrus Uncus 17 Hippocampus Dentategyrus Hippocampalformation 18 Histologyofthecerebralcortex Archicortex原皮质 hippocampalformation海马结构 Paleocortex古皮质 rhinencephalon嗅脑 Neocortex新皮质 mostofcerebralcortex
11、3celllayers 6celllayers 19 20 Functionallocationofcerebralcortex 21 Firstsomaticmotorarea第一躯体运动区 Position locatedinprecentralgyrusandanteriorportionofparacentrallobule 22 Firstsomaticmotorarea第一躯体运动区 CharactersRepresentationisinverted butheadandfaceareuprightAbodypartisrepresentedbyacorticalareaprop
12、ortionaltoitsuseratherthanitssizeReceivingfibersfrompostcentralgyrus VA VLandVPL sendingoutfiberstoformpyramidaltract controllingvoluntarymovements 23 Firstsomaticsensoryarea第一躯体感觉区 Position liesinpostcentralgyrusandposteriorportionofparacentrallobule 24 Firstsomaticsensoryarea第一躯体感觉区 CharactersSens
13、oryrepresentation likemotorarea iscrossedandinvertedReceivingandinterpretsensationfromoppositesideofbody 25 Auditoryarea听区 LocatedintransversetemporalgyriReceiveauditoryinformationfrombothears 26 Visualarea视区 LieoneithersideofcalcarinesulcusinmedialsurfaceofoccipitallobeVisualcortexofonehemispherere
14、ceivesimpressionfromtemporalpartofretinaofsamesideandnasalpartofoppositesideLesionsofvisualcortexproducecontralateralhomonymousvisualfielddefections 27 Vestibulararea平衡觉区 locatedinfrontofsuperiortemporalgyrusOlfactoryarea嗅觉区 locatedneartheuncusTastearea味觉区 locatedatfrontaloperculum 28 Languagearea语言
15、中枢 Itisdominantinlefthemisphereinright handedpersonMotorspeecharea运动性语言中枢LocatedinposteriorportionofinferiorfrontalgyrusDamage motoraphasiaWritingarea书写中枢LocatedinposteriorportionofmiddlefrontalgyrusDamage agraphiaAuditoryspeecharea听觉性语言中枢LocatedinposteriorportionofsuperiortemporalgyrusLesion sensor
16、yaphasiaVisualspeecharea视觉性语言中枢LocatedinangulargyrusLesion alexia 29 Lateralventricle侧脑室Position locatedincerebralhemispheresFourpartsCentralpart liesinparietallobeAnteriorhorn extendsintofrontallobePosteriorhornextendintooccipitallobeInferiorhorn extendintotemporallobe Internalstructures 30 Communicationlateralventricle interventricularforamen thirdventricle 31 Basalnuclei基底核 Corpusstriatum纹状体Lentiformnucleus豆状核Caudatenucleus尾状核Claustrum屏状核Amygdaloidbody杏仁体 Globuspallidus苍白球 putamen壳 Neostriatu
