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1、情态动词和虚拟语气 ByBringEnglish can couldmay mightwill wouldshall shouldmust needhaveto oughttocan t maynotmustn t needn tdon thavetoshouldn t shan tbeabletodare 情态动词 1 can could表示能力HecanspeakEnglishverywell Hecoulddrawverywellwhenhewasfive 表示许可Youcanusemycomputernow Youcan teatinclass 表示请求Canyoutellmethew
2、aytothepostoffice CouldyoushowmethewaytotheBeihaiPark 表示猜测Generally sheisaquietgirl Butsometimesshecanbetalkable Someoneisknockingatthedoor Whocanitbe Itcan tbeMr Zhang Hehasgoneabroad Thehuntershavebeenlostfordays Theycouldstarve 表示惊讶Howcanshebelateforclass Sheisalwaysontime 2 may might请求许可MayIhave
3、alookatyournewmobilephone 表示可能Themanovertheremaybeyournewteacher Hemightcomeherebytrainorbyair 3 will would表示意愿 倾向Onrainydays shewillsitbythewindowandwatchtherainforhours Hewaspoor buthewoulddressupasarichman 表示请求Willyoupleasegiveyourseattotheoldlady Wouldyouliketojoinusfordinner 4 shall用于第一人称 表示将要I
4、shallgowithyounexttime 用于第一人称 表示征求意见ShallIputthebookbackontheshelf Shallwegooutforawalk 用于第二 三人称 表示许诺 义务 规定 威胁Youshallgetanewmobilephoneifyoupasstheexam Everyoneshallwaitinlinewhentheybuytickets Accordingtotheagreement theinterestshallbedividedequallyamongthethreeinvestors 5 should表示建议 应该 Youshouldl
5、iedownandhavearest 表示猜测It sseveno clock Mr Lishouldbethere Youhavepracticedalot Youshouldn thaveanytroubleinpassingthetest 表示惊讶It ssurprisingthatsuchaprettygirlshouldbeathief 6 must表示必需Wemustfinishourworkbynoon 表示猜测Theremustbesomethingwrong 表示责怪 偏偏 非得 Tom mustyouplaythepianoatthistime Mycarmustbreak
6、downwhenIwashurryingtowork 7 need表示需要 否定或疑问句 Youneedn tgotoschooltoday 用作实意动词Youdon tneedtogotoschooltoday 8 haveto表示必需 不得不Youhavetofinishyourworkbynoon 9 oughtto表示应该Yououghttohandinyourhomeworkbeforeschoolisover 10 dare表示敢Howdareyousaythattoyourmother Shedaren tgooutinthedark Hedarednotasktheteache
7、rforhelp 用作实意动词Hedarestoswimacrosstheriverbyhimself Doeshedaretoswimacrosstheriverbyhimself Hedoesn tdaretoswimintheriver 注意各种否定式 1 can tIcan tplayanymusicalinstrument 不能 Itcan tbepossible It ssorediculous 不可能 2 mustn tYoumustn tsmokeinpublicplaces 千万别 3 maynotThatmaynotbetrue 可能不 4 needn t 没必要 5 do
8、n thaveto 没必要 6 shouldn t 不应该 情态动词 havedone 1 musthavedone一定做过某事2 may might could not havedone可能 没 做过某事3 can thavedone不可能做过某事4 should not havedone本 不 应该做某事5 needn thavedone本没必要做某事6 ought not tohavedone本 不 应该做某事7 would not havedone本 不 会做某事 虚拟语气 一 在条件句中的用法 1 IfIwereyou Iwouldasktheteacherforadvice Ifh
9、eknewthetruth hewouldtellyou 2 Ifyouhadcomeearlier youwouldhavemetthefamousstar Shewouldn thavebeensoangryifyouhadapologizedtoher 3 Ifitweretosnowthisevening theywould should could mightnotgoout Ifitshouldbreakdownwithinoneyear wewouldrepairitatourexpense Ifyouwentthere Iwould should could mightgowi
10、thyou 需要注意的问题 1 错综条件句Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice youwoulddoitbetternow IfIwereyou Iwouldn thavemissedthefilmlastnight 2 倒装句 省略if Weresheolder shewoulddoit Shouldhecome tellhimtoringmeup Hadwetakenthetaxi wewouldn thavebeenlateforthemeeting 二 介词短语等代替条件从句 Withoutair therewouldbenolivingthings Butforyourh
11、elp wewouldn thavefinishedthetaskontime 三 根据上下文判定 1 Iwouldhavecometoyourparty butIwastoobusylastnight 2 Iwastoobusylastnight otherwiseIwouldhavecometoyourparty 3 Youweredrivingtoocarelessly otherwiseyouwouldn tbeinhospitalnow 四 在其他从句中的虚拟语气 1 IwishIhadmyowncompany IwishIwouldtravelinspacesomeday Iwis
12、hIhadknownyouearlier 2 Iwouldratheryoucameheretomorrow IwouldratherIhadn tseenthefilm 3 Hetalksasifhekneweverything Hetalksasifhehadbeentothemoon 4 Hesuggested ordered requested that should do 5 Itisimportant strange necessarythat should do 6 Itiscommanded suggested requiredthat should do 7 Therequirementisthat should do 8 Weallagreedtothesuggestion request adviecethat should do
