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1、深圳市高级中学2020学年第一学期期末测试高二英语本试卷由二部分组成。第一部分为高考题型；第二部分为基础知识考查：其中高一年级知识内容占 10 分，本学期知识内容占 5 分。试卷共10页，五大题，满分135分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。2、每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再涂其它答案或填写客观题答案。填写在试题卷上无效。3、考试结束，监考人员将答题卡按座位号、页码顺序收回。第一部分 高考题型 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分
2、） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AAlan Turing is known as the father of modern computer science, but he was also a great mathematician, code-breaker（密码破译者）, philosopher（哲学家）and war-hero.Turing was born in London on June 23, 1912. He studied mathematics at Cambridge University in the
3、 1930s and after graduating he became a researcher at the university, where he began developing his ideas for what was later called the “Turing Machine”.During World War II Turing joined the army as part of a team responsible for breaking the codes used by the German armies for their communications.
4、 Using his knowledge of mathematics and computing principles, Turing constructed a machine which could interpret these mysterious messages, giving the British access to thousands of the German war plans and secrets. Many think it helped shorten the war by several years, saving millions of lives.Afte
5、r the war, Turing returned to developing the design of the “Turing Machine”, the first modern computer. During the 1940s and 1950s most computers were designed for a single purpose.Turings revolutionary idea was to build a machine that could do anything, a multi-purpose computer, something that we c
6、onsider common today. Turing completed his design but his colleagues thought it was too difficult to construct, so the Turing Machine was never built in his lifetime.The method of instructing the computer was the key to Turings idea. He described a machine which knew three simple instructions: seque
7、nce（序列顺序）, selection and repetition. Making the computer perform any task was simply a matter of breaking the task down into steps using a combination of these instructions. This principle remains the basis of almost all computer programming up to this day.Turing also developed what is now known as
8、the “Turing Test” of computer intelligence. The test consisted of a person asking questions via keyboard to both a person and an intelligent machine. Turing believed that if the person asking the questions could not tell the difference between the machines answers and the person after a reasonable a
9、mount of time, the machine was somewhat intelligent.Tragically, Turing took his own life in 1954, aged just 41. Many books have been written and several movies made about his life and the annual “Turing Award”, established in 1966 and named in his honour, is considered the Noble Prize of computing.1
10、. Which of the following statements about Turing is true?A. He is actually unknown outside of the computer community.B. He designed and built the first multi-purpose computer.C. His ideas are still considered important in modern computer design.D. He developed the “Turing Test” while still a student
11、 at Cambridge.2. What was the purpose of the Turing Test?A. To determine if computers were intelligent.B. To compare the abilities of men and machines.C. To judge the performance of multi-purpose computers.D. To measure the IQ of machines.3. Where can Turings influence on computing be most clearly s
12、een today?A. In the evaluation of computer performance.B. In the method of computer programming.C. In the functionality of computer systems.D. In the process of system design. BA recent international survey found that around 75% of the worlds best universities, such as MIT, Harvard and Princeton are
13、 in the US.But while US universities are very good at producing research and raising money, they arent so good at supplying the needs of the US high-skill labour market so America relies on educated talent from elsewhere. Take the example of medical education. The US simply does not train enough doc
14、tors to meet its needs. Each year many more doctors retire than graduate from its medical schools and the US robs the world to make up the difference.25% of doctors working in the US received their training elsewhere. That is close to 200,000 doctors educated abroad. Around 5,000 were trained in Afr
15、ica, mainly Ghana, Nigeria and South Africa, but also elsewhere. In 2002, there were 47 Liberian-trained doctors working in the US, and just 72 working in Liberia. The poorest always lose out.In most countries, especially in the developing world, doctors are trained at public expense. If a doctor fr
16、om Ghana is taken to the US, not only does that country lose its doctor, it loses the money paid for the training. That means the worlds poorest people are paying for the health care of the worlds richest people.Why cant the US supply its own needs? After all, doctors in the US are not exactly badly paid. But training is long, difficult, and, of course, expensive
