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1、Grammar Unit2 虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设 该语法主要用于if条件状语从句 也可用于主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句等 通常有三种情况 与过去事实相反 与现在事实相反 与将来事实可能相反 虚拟语气 1 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 动词过去式 或were should would could might 动词原形 had 过去分词 should would could might have 过去分词 should would could might 动词原形 1 should 动词原形2 动词过去式3 wereto 动词原形 2 wish引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
2、过去式 were had 过去分词could have 过去分词 would could might 动词原形 Hewishedhe insuchaffairs involve IwishI abird be hadneverbeeninvolved were Iwouldratheryoucouldteachmeagain Iwouldrather 我宁愿他们明天来 Themanagerwouldratherthathissecretary 经理宁愿他的秘书代替他去开会 3 wouldrather后的宾语从句 wouldratherthat 与现在事实相反did与过去事实相反haddone与
3、将来事实相反did theycametomorrow wenttothemeetinginsteadofhim 4 表示要求 命令 建议的虚拟语气 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 五个要求 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法 从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 Thedoctorsuggestedthathe should trytolosehisweight Heinsistedthatwe should tellhimthenews insist order command advise suggest propose demand require requ
4、est desireask 在suggestion proposal order plan idea advice decision等名词后面的表语从句 同位语从句中 要使用虚拟语气 其谓语动词应用should 动词原形 另外连接从句的that不能省略 例 1 Mysuggestionisthatwe should gothereatonce 2 Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe should putonaplayattheEnglishevening 3 Myideaisthatwe should getmorepeopletoattendtheconfer
5、ence 5 表语从句 同位语从句中的虚拟语气 2020 4 2 Itisstrangethat 他居然会这样说 真是奇怪 Itisagreatpitythat 他居然会这样想 真是一件憾事 Itisnaturalthat 鸟在树上安歇是很自然的 Itisnecessarythat 有必要立即派他去北京 6主语从句It snecessary strange natural urgent important apity nowonder impossible that从句中的动词要用虚拟 即 should 动词原形 he should sayso he should thinkso abird
6、should restintrees he should besenttoBeijingrightaway 7主语从句Itis wassuggested ordered demanded proposed etc 结构中要使用虚拟语气 It ssuggestedthattheplan should becarriedout Itisorderedthatallthetroops should withdrawthreemilesaway 根据命令 所有部队撤至三英哩以外 Itisarrangedthathe 照安排 他星期五动身去加拿大 Itissuggestedthat 有人建议 英语晚会周
7、六举行 should leaveforCanadaonFriday theEnglishevening should be heldonSaturday Itis high timethat后面的从句谓语动词要用did were或用should加动词原形 但should不可省略 Itishightimethat 该是我们吃午饭的时候了 Itistimethat 该是他作出决定的时候了 8 主语从句Itis high timethat wehadourlunch hemadeuphismind 9 由ifonly 要是 那该多好啊 引导的惊叹句 和wish引导的宾语从句用法一样 IfonlyIh
8、adpassedthetest Ifonlyitstoppedraining 比较ifonly与onlyifonlyif表示 只有 ifonly则表示 如果 就好了 Iwakeup thealarmclockrings 只有闹钟响了 我才会醒 thealarmclockhadrung 当时闹钟响了 就好了 onlyif Ifonly 10 asif asthough 以asif asthough 似乎 仿佛 引出的方式状语或表语从句 如果表示真实情况应该用陈述语气 11 Thelittleboyknowssomanythingsasifhewereaman Theboyacted hehadn
9、everlivedinCanadabefore A asthoughB evenifC asD since 2020 4 2 12 虚拟语气的其它用法在英语中 一些表示建议 请求 劝告 愿望 祈祷 祝福或诅咒的句子 也需要使用虚拟语气 如 Wouldyoumindsmokinghere Mayyoubelucky LonglivethepeopleofChina Godsaveme 2020 4 2 1 Itwasurgentthathe herimmediately A callsB calledC callD wouldcall2 It shightimethatsomething top
10、rohibitsellingfakecommodities mustbedoneB wasdoneC bedoneD weredone3 Therewasatrafficjam otherwiseI hereontime A wouldbeB hadbeenC shouldbeD wouldhavebeen4 Ididn tgototheparty butIdowishI there A wasB wereC hadbeenD went 2020 4 2 5 Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents twoweekstopreparefort
11、heexam A giveB shouldgiveC begivenD wouldbegiven6 Itisstrangethatsuchathing inyourschool A willhappenB happensC shouldhappenD happened7 I dratheryou rightaway A leaveB leftC willleaveD toleave8 Itisrequiredthatyou atsix A willarriveB arriveC arrivedD wouldarrive9 IfonlyI howtooperateanelectroniccomp
12、uterasyoudo hadknownB wouldknowC shouldknowD knew 课堂即时翻译练习 1 我希望和你一样高 2 他希望他没讲那样的话 3 我希望明天下雨就好了 IwishIwereastallasyou Hewishedhehadn tsaidthat Iwishitwouldraintomorrow 4 我们建议Tom去休息一下 5 他坚决要求我到场 课堂即时翻译练习 WesuggestedthatTomhavearest HeinsistedthatI should bepresent 8 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了 9 要是我没错过火车就好了 课堂即时翻译练习 Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus IfonlyIhadn tmissedthetrain Bye Bye
