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1、专题十一 特殊句式与主谓一致 2 词汇复习11 根据汉语提示填入以f开头的单词的适当形式 然后 背诵情景 熟记以f开头的课标高频词汇 情景 When the fashion art master delivered the speech he mentioned that you have to 1 fight 打 斗争 against the following 2 factors 因素 such as self doubt 3 failure 失败 loneliness misunderstanding and even threat on condition that you want
2、to have access to achievement Furthermore you should get 4 familiar 熟悉 with any flexible change focus on the key points and form a good habit Only in this way can a person have good fortune 译文 当那个时尚艺术大师发表演讲时 他提道 如果你想获得成 就 你必须和以下因素做斗争 例如 不自信 失败 孤独 误解 甚 至是威胁 而且 你应该熟悉任何灵活的变化 着重关注要点 养成 好习惯 只有用这种方式一个人才可以
3、得到好运 3 特殊句式很特别 每类都有规则寻 注意语境和逻辑 感情表达更充 分 1 2018 天津卷改编 It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat 解析 考查强调句型 句意 只有当汽车停在我们的房子前 我们 才看见莉莉坐在乘客座上 强调句的特点是去掉It was和that 句子 仍是完整的 本句符合这个特点 故填that 4 2 2018 北京卷改编 In any unsafe situation simply press press the b
4、utton and a highly trained agent will get you the help you need 解析 考查祈使句 句意 在任何不安全的情况下 仅仅按一下这 个按钮 一个训练有素的人员就会给你所需要的帮助 本题是 祈 使句 and 简单句 结构 所以填动词原形 3 2018 全国 卷改编 China s approach to protecting its environment while feeding feed its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers w
5、orldwide 解析 考查省略句 句意 中国在为公民提供食物的同时保护环 境的做法 为世界各地的农业和食品政策制定者提供了有益的经 验教训 本句是省略句 句子补全为 while it is feeding 由于主 句的主语和从句的主语一致 所以省去了it is 5 4 It might have saved me some trouble had I known I know the schedule 解析 考查虚拟条件句的倒装 句意 如果我提前知道日程安排 会省去不少麻烦 根据might have saved可知 此题表示与过去事实 相反的假设 因此从句用过去完成时 原句可变为 If I
6、had known the schedule it might have saved me some trouble 5 2015 湖南卷改编 It is important to remember that success is be a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes take years to achieve 解析 考查主谓一致 句意 成功是每天一点点小的努力的总和 而且往往要花几年时间才能达到 记住这点很重要 remember 后 面的宾语从句中 success 充当主语且为单数形式 又因本句话陈述 的内容为客观事实
7、 因此其后的两个谓语动词be 和take 都应用第 三人称单数形式 6 一 强调句型 1 强调句的基本构成为 It is was 被强调部分 who that 其他成 分 一般来说 被强调部分指人时 可用who或that 被强调部分指物 时 用that 如 It was John who that wore his best suit to the dance last night 是约翰昨晚穿着他最好的一套衣服去参加舞会的 It was his best suit that John wore to the dance last night 约翰昨晚穿着他最好的一套衣服去参加舞会的 2 强调
8、句的一般疑问句形式为 Is Was it 被强调部分 that 其他 成分 特殊疑问句形式为 Wh 疑问词 is was it that 其他成分 Was it in high school that you began playing basketball 你是不是在高中的时候开始打篮球的 Where was it that you put your mobile phone after coming back 你回来之后把手机放在什么地方了 7 3 not until 结构中的状语成分在强调句型中被强调时 not与 until要放在一起 It was not until he remove
9、d his sunglasses that I recognized him 直到他把太阳镜摘下来我才认出他来 注意 强调句中的主谓一致 当强调主语时 其后的谓语动词应与 主语一致 即人称和数要一致 如 It is my mother who cooks every day 每天煮饭的是我妈妈 It is he who is wrong 是他错了 8 二 全部倒装 1 表示方位或时间的副词或介词短语 如 here there now then up down in away off out on the wall under the tree 等置于句首 且主语是名词时 此时要用全部倒装 Th
10、ere goes the bell 铃响了 On the top of the hill stands a pine tree 山顶有棵松树 2 代词such放在句首 且在句中做表语时 此时要用全部倒装 Such are the facts no one can deny them 这些就是事实 没有人可以否认 9 3 为平衡句子结构或使上下文衔接紧密 常将做表语的形容词 副词 分词或介词短语提到句首 引起全部倒装 Seated in the first line are some advanced workers 坐在第一排的是一些先进工作者 注意 1 全部倒装句中不用进行时 采用一般现在时
11、态代替进行 时 Here comes the bus The bus is coming here 公交车来了 2 当句子的主语为人称代词时 即使有表示方位或时间的副词或 介词短语置于句首 句子也不再用倒装结构 Out he rushed 他冲了出去 10 三 部分倒装 1 only修饰副词 介词短语或状语从句做状语且放在句首时 句 子用部分倒装 Only in this way can we learn English well 只有用这种方法我们才能学好英语 Only when one loses friendship does one know its value 只有当一个人失去友谊时
12、 他才知道友谊的价值 11 2 否定副词never nor not hardly little seldom rarely及表否定意义 的介词短语at no time under in no circumstances in no case by no means on no condition in no way等置于句首时 句子用部分倒装 Never before have I seen such a moving film I have never seen such a moving film before 以前我从未看过这么感人的电影 By no means will I give
13、up searching for my lost dog 我绝不会放弃寻找我那只丢失的狗 3 as though引导让步状语从句时 要将表语 状语或谓语动词提 到句首 though引导让步状语从句时 也可用正常语序 Tired though as he was he kept on running Though he was tired he kept on running 尽管他很累 但还是继续跑着 12 4 倒装句常见句型总结 13 14 So frightened was she that she could not say a word 她如此害怕以至于一句话也说不出来 Such gr
14、eat progress did he make that he was praised 他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬 Hardly had I entered the lecture hall when I was surrounded by the students 我刚一进入报告厅就被同学们围住了 15 四 省略句及其他 一 省略句 1 not so的替代性省略 动词believe do expect fear guess hope say suppose think等和I m afraid后面可用替代词so或not来避免重复前面提到的内容 表示 肯定意义时 以上动词都可与so搭
15、配 但表示否定意义时 hope与 guess只用I hope not和I guess not的形式 而think believe suppose等 词可有两种形式 即 I think not和I don t think so 如 Do they mind you smoking there 你在那儿吸烟 他们介意 吗 I don t think so I think not 我想不会 16 2 在when while whenever till as soon as if unless as if though as after before等引导的状语从句中 若从句的主语是it或与 主句的主
16、语相同 且在谓语部分含有be动词时 从句的主语和be 动 词常被省略 If it is possible I want to travel to Australia with my family 如果有可能 我想同家人一起去澳大利亚旅游 You can t be careful enough while you are crossing the street 过马路时你怎么小心都不为过 Film has a much shorter history especially when it is compared to such art forms as music and painting 电影制作艺术的历史要短得多 尤其是同音乐 绘画之类的艺术 形式比较的时候 17 3 不定式的省略 通常情况下 只留下不定式符号to 常用于be afraid glad happy expect forget hope intend like love mean prefer refu se seem try want wish等词之后 He thought I hurt him intentional
