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1、专题七 情态动词和虚拟语气 2 词汇复习7 根据汉语提示填入以c开头的单词的适当形式 然后 背诵情景 熟记以c开头的课标高频词汇 情景1 A charity is 1 collecting 募捐 money for a primary school where children are in poor 2 condition 状况 Several days ago a speech covering caring for kids was made in the central park The speakers from the charity called on the governmen
2、t chiefs to take 3 challenges 挑战 to make changes on children s living conditions Meanwhile they also suggest 4 citizens 市民 should create more chances to develop children s good 5 characters 性格 Everyone should make 6 contributions 贡献 to offer children a happy childhood Children are closely connected
3、with our future and they will certainly carry out kind deeds for our concern 3 译文 一家慈善机构正在为一所小学募捐 小学里的孩子们身体 不好 就在几天前 在中心公园里举行了一次关于关心孩子的演 讲 来自该慈善机构的演讲者呼吁政府首脑在改变孩子的生活环 境方面做出挑战 同时 他们还建议市民们创造更多机会来培养孩 子的良好性格 每个人都应该为给孩子提供一个美好的童年做出 贡献 孩子们同我们的未来息息相关 他们肯定会为我们对他们的 关心而做出善举的 4 情景2 It s been 1 confirmed 证实 that
4、Jody had committed a crime in his company for the unfair commercial competition with his panions 同伴 3 Compared 比较 with others during work time he didn t concentrate his energy on pleting 完成 the compulsory work but concerned himself more about fort 舒适 Though he had made a compromise the committee in
5、the conference commanded that he should compensate for the loss 译文 已经证实乔迪在公司因为跟同伴的不公平商业竞争而犯 罪 和其他人比较起来 在工作期间 他不集中精力完成分内的工 作 而是更多地关注个人的舒服 尽管他妥协了 但是会议上委员 会命令他对损失做出补偿 5 情态动词动感情 本义用法要拿定 特殊意义需强记 虚拟推测辨分 明 1 2019 江苏卷改编 What a pity You missed the sightseeing or we would have had have a good time together 解析
6、 考查虚拟语气 句意 太遗憾了 你错过了观光 否则我们会 一起玩得很愉快的 并列连词or前面用一般过去时表示真实的情 况 or后面是虚拟语气 所以谓语动词用would have done 2 2018 江苏卷改编 There is a good social life in the village and I wish I had have a second chance to become more involved 解析 考查虚拟语气 句意 这个村里有很好的社交生活 我希望 我再有机会更多地融入这种生活 本题考查wish引导的宾语从句 表示与现在事实相反的愿望 所以从句用一般过去时 6 3
7、 2018 北京卷改编 In today s information age the loss of data can cause serious problems for a company 解析 考查情态动词 句意 在今天的信息时代 数据丢失能给一 个公司造成严重问题 在肯定句中用can表示客观上存在的可能 性 4 2017 北京卷改编 Samuel the tallest boy in our class can easily reach the books on the top shelf 解析 考查情态动词 句意 塞缪尔是我们班最高的男生 他很轻 松就能够到书架顶层上的书 表示能力
8、用can 能够 5 2017 天津卷改编 My room is a mess but I needn t clean it before I go out tonight I can do it in the morning 解析 考查情态动词 句意 我的房间乱得一团糟 但是今晚出门 前我不必打扫 我可以早上再打扫 根据后一句 我可以早上再 打扫 可知 此处应用needn t表示 不必做某事 7 6 2016 天津卷改编 It was really annoying I could not get access to the data bank you had recommended 解析 考
9、查情态动词 句意 这真让人恼火 我不能进入你推荐 的资料库 由第一句 这真让人恼火 可知 此处could为最佳答案 7 2016 北京卷改编 Why didn t you tell me about your trouble last week If you had told tell me I could have helped 解析 考查虚拟语气 句意 为什么上星期你不把你的困难告诉 我呢 如果你告诉我 说不定我会帮得上忙 由问句中的last week 及 could have helped推知 从句是对过去事实的虚拟 故用过去完成 时 8 8 2016 浙江卷改编 George can
10、t have gone go too far His coffee is still warm 解析 考查情态动词 句意 乔治不可能走得太远 他的咖啡还 是温的 此处为情态动词表示推断 根据后面咖啡尚温 可以推断 出他不可能走远 9 一二 情态动词 1 情态动词的基本用法 表一 10 一二 11 一二 表二 12 一二 表三 13 一二 14 一二 表四 15 一二 16 一二 表五 17 一二 表六 18 一二 2 must 表示推测时的结构 1 表示对现在或将来事实的推测用 must 动词原形 的结构形 式 He must feel very happy once he gets the
11、good news 一旦他得到这个好消息 他肯定感到非常开心 Mr Wang must be out now for no one answers the doorbell 王先生此时肯定没在家 因为没有人回应门铃 2 表示对此时此刻正在发生的动作的推测用 must be doing 结 构形式 The girl must be practicing the piano in the next room She does so at the same time every day 那个女孩肯定正在隔壁弹钢琴 她每天此时都弹钢琴 19 一二 3 表示对过去或已完成事实的推测用 must have
12、 done 的结构形 式 Your words must have had an influence on him for he has changed a lot 你的话对他肯定产生了影响 因为他改变了许多 It must have rained last night for the ground is wet 昨天晚上肯定下雨了 因为地面是湿的 I saw him playing basketball on the playground this morning He must have recovered from his foot injury 今天上午我看到他在操场上打篮球了 他的脚
13、伤肯定好了 20 一二 3 情态动词 have done的用法 1 对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测 21 一二 2 表示与过去事实相反 22 一二 虚拟语气 一 虚拟语气用于状语从句中 1 虚拟语气用于非真实条件句 23 一二 24 一二 2 虚拟条件句的倒装与省略 如果虚拟条件句中有were had 助动词 或should时 可将were had 或should提前到主语之前形成倒装结构 同时省去if 若虚拟条件 句为否定句时 not不提前 If John were here he would solve the problem easily 如果约翰在这儿 他会很容易地解决这一问题 Wer
14、e John here he would solve the problem easily If you had told me you would come in advance I would have made arrangements 如果你提前告知我你要来 我就会做好一切安排的 Had you told me you would come in advance I would have made arrangements 25 一二 If it should rain tomorrow all the crops would be saved 如果明天下雨的话 所有庄稼就有救了 Sh
15、ould it rain tomorrow all the crops would be saved If you hadn t warned me of the terrible weather I would have been caught in the heavy rain 如果你没有提醒我恶劣天气的话 我就会淋到大雨的 Had you not warned me of the terrible weather I would have been caught in the heavy rain 26 一二 3 错综时间条件句 虚拟条件句和主句动作发生的时间不一致 主句和从句的谓语要
16、根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式 If I were you I wouldn t have missed the film last night 如果我是你 我不会错过昨晚那部电影的 从句现在 主句过 去 If they had left home in the early morning they would arrive in half an hour 要是他们一大早离开家的话 再过半个小时他们就该到了 从 句过去 主句将来 If he had spent more time practising speaking English before he would be able to speak it much better now 如果他以前花更多的时间来练习说英语的话 现在他就能说得更 好了 从句过去 主句现在 27 一二 4 含蓄虚拟条件句 通过上下文或用介词短语等表示虚拟条件取代虚拟条件句 常 用的介词有with without but for otherwise or等 But for your help we couldn t have succeeded
