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1、Module2 Grammar FantasyLiterature PhilipPullman 分词主要是指现在分词和过去分词两种 分词做状语主要有以下几种形式 1 如果分词和句中的主语是主动的关系 则用现在分词形式A 如果现在分词表示的动作和谓语表示的动作或状态是同时发生的或几乎同时发生 Doingsth sb sth Walkingdownthestreet shesawabigbuilding 分词做状语 B 如果分词所表示的动作完成之后 谓语动词所表示的动作才发生 则现在分词需用完成形式 Havingdonesth sb sth Havingalreadyseenthefilmtwic
2、e shedidnotwanttogotothecinema C 否定形式 在分词前加NOT Notdoingsth sb sth Notknowingheraddress wecouldnotgetintouchwithher Nothavingdonesth sb sth Nothavingreceivedananswer hedecidedtowriteanotherlettertothem 2 如果分词和句中的主语是被动的关系 则用过去分词形式 A Done sb sth Encouragedbythesesuccesses theydecidedtoworkevenharder B
3、Havingbeendone sb sth Havingbeengivenenoughattention thetreesgrowverywellC Notdone sb sth Notfollowedbyanyspies 007feltrelieved Nothavingbeendone sb sth Nothavingbeentoldwhentostart hecamelate 分词做状语 要特别注意 分词所表示的必须是主语的一个动作或状态 也就是说 分词的意义上的主语必须和谓语动词的主语是一致的 试比较下面的句子 1 Walkingthroughthepark wesawalotofpi
4、geons 2 Walkingthroughthepark thepigeonslookedverybeautiful 3 Seenfromthetopofthemountain thevillagelookslikeasmallbox4 Seenfromthetopofthemountain wefindthevillagelooklikeasmallbox 注意 现在分词做状语 The ingformusedasanadverbial whichisusedtotalkaboutactionsthathappenaroundthesametimeasthemainverb A Indica
5、tingTIMEFlyingovertheChannel Allensawthewavesbelow Whenhewasflying Enteringmyhouse Ifoundalotofbookslyingonthefloor AssoonasIenteredthehouse Note Ifyouhavealreadydonesthbeforethemainverb thepresentperfecthastobeused Havingmadefullpreparations wearereadyforthecomingexams Afterwehavemade Havingboughtt
6、hreetickets Iinvitedmystudentstotheplay AfterIhadbought B IndicatingREASONBeingillseriouslylastweek hestayedinhospitalforaweek Sincehewasilllastweek Notknowingwheretogo hewanderedalongthestreets Sincehedidn tknow Shesentalettertoherfather hopingtogethissupport becauseshehopedtogethissupport C Indica
7、tingATTENDANTCIRCUMATANCE 伴随 1 Theroosterpeckedattheglitteringstone thinkingthatitmightbeusefultosomeoneelse 2 Blackieranovertothewindow barkingandwagginghistail 3 ThechildrenwalkedalongtheWestLake talkingandlaughing D IndicatingMANNER 方式 1 Threetimesthevillagerscamerunningtotheshepherdboy 2 Onheari
8、ngthenews herushedoutinahurry fallingflatontheground 3 Theboyplayedtruant 逃学 hitchhiking1000milesfromEnglandtoFrance E IndicatingPURPOSE1 ItalkedtoJohnforthreehours tryingtopersuadehimtogiveuphisplan inorderto 2 Weaskedsomescientistsandlookedupthedictionaries searchingforacorrectanswertoourquestion
9、inorderto F IndicatingCONDIION1 Goingstraightdowntheroad youwillfindthepostoffice Youcan tmissit if 2 Workinghard you llsucceed if 以上状语结构的否定形式都在 ing分词前加not 1 Nothearingthebell thenaughtyboydashedoutoftheclassroom 2 Notrealizingwhathappened themotherburstoutcrying Conj ing presentparticiple asanadver
10、bialwhen while before after since ingasanadverbialtoexpresstime1 Whenmeetingforeignguests healwaysfeelsuneasy Whenhemeets 2 Whileeatingsupper IoftenwatchEnglishnews WhenIeat 3 Afterdoinghishomework Tomwentouttoplayfootballwithhisfriends Afterhedid 4 Sinceleavingschool I veneverseensomeofmyuniversity
11、classmates SinceIleft Completethesentencesfromthepassagewiththewordsbelow puttingpushingkeepingwatching 1 Still Willsawthecatbehavestrangely 2 downhisshoppingbagwillheldouthishand 3 Hecrossedtheroad hiseyesontheplacewherethecathadvanished 4 hisshoppingbagthrough heclimbedthroughthehole Pushing watch
12、ing Putting Keeping Matchthetwopartsofthesentences 1 Leapingintotheair 2 Shoutingangrily 3 Theboywalkedthroughthesilentstreets 4 Pickinguptheknife 5 Thebearcameoutofthebushes A makingaloudnoiseandshowingitsteethB themanwavedhisswordatthestranger C theboylookedatitcarefullyD listeningforthesoundofhum
13、anvoicesE thewitchvanished E B D C A Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbsbelow putlookseeturnhold 1 Thecatleaptback itstailhigh 2 outapaw thecatpattedtheairinfrontofher 3 away thecatapproachedhim 4 Thecatstopped atsomethinginvisibletoWill looking holding Putting Turning Completethepassag
14、e LastweekendIwalkedintoourlocalbookshop 1 tofindacopyofPhilipPullman sHisDarkMaterials Allmyfriends 2 readitandIwantedtoknow 3 foundit 4 easily 5 aNo 88buscomingalongtheroad Idecidedtotakeit 6 itwasquitealongwalkhome hoping had why so Seeing as 7 onthebus Iwassurprisedtoseeanoldfriendof 8 Westarted
15、talkingandI 9 realizedthatwehadarrivedatmystop 10 up Icried Pleasewait Thisismystop I 11 offthebusintimeandsmiledhappily Then suddenly 12 Ihadleftmybooksbehindonthebus I 13 Stop please Butitwas 14 late Thebushadgoneaway 15 mybookswithit Riding mine suddenly Jumping got realizing shouted too taking C
16、ompletethesesentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbsbelow thinkknowsitseeleave 1 On her thekingimmediatelyfallsinlovewithher 2 Hemarriesher not whoshereallyis 3 Before hiskingdom hecallshissontohim 4 After aboutthesituation hedecidestokillthewitchhimself 5 While byapool Ferdinandseesafrog sitting seeing knowing leaving thinking Rewritethesentenceswiththe ingformoftheverbs Whenhereturnstothepalace thekingmarriesthewoman Onreturningtothepalace thekingmarriesthewoman Example 1 Whenhesawthewitch theboy
