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1、U3 main GetStarted TextStudy SupplementaryResources Unit10 TheModernistMovementand LiteraryAchievement GetStarted main GetStarted GetStarted 1 AGeneralIntroduction 2 FocusIn GetStarted 1 1 GetStarted GetStarted 1 1 GetStarted Modernismwasbornattheturnofthe20thcenturyandsweptmanycountries Manysociala
2、ndpsychologicalproblemsfoundexpressioninculturalandliteraryform thusrepresentingtherealmoodandemotionoftheordinarypeopleintheWestwhoweretornbycountlesstroublesarisingoutofthesocial politicalandculturalcontradictionsandclashes Atthisjuncture theemergenceofanumberofschoolsofsocialideologyinthelate19th
3、century suchasFreud stheoryofpsycho analysis Bergson stheoryofintuitionalismaswellastheseeminglyirrationalideasofSchopenhauerandNietzschehelpeddefineandclarifythespiritualneedsofthoseintellectuals Theseideologicalvarietiesfurtheremancipatedpeople smindandgavethembothcourageanddirectiontotaptheneware
4、aofhumanknowledgeandideology GetStarted 1 2 GetStarted Inawaythechangeoftheculturalandintellectualclimateinthisperiodhadsomethingtodowithromanticismandculturaltrendofthetime Moreradicalmodesofcreationappeared firstinpoetryandthenspreadtootherformsofwritingandart Theyweremorerebellious moreradical mo
5、reopposedtotraditionandsocialrealityandmoreconcernedwiththeirownformsofsubjectiverepresentation Suchachangedapproachmovedeventuallyintomodernism Symbolismasanaestheticmovementopenedthewayfortheeventualarrivalofmodernism agrandandcomplicatedculturalmovementtakingformatthebeginningofthe20thcentury Iti
6、ncludedliteratureandartandembracedmanyschoolsofideologicalrebellionandalternativeformsofartisticrepresentation Itmarkedtheinceptionofareallyneweraintermsofculturalandintellectualdevelopment GetStarted 2 1 GetStarted TounderstandthebackgroundanddefinitionofmodernismTocomparethedifferentmodernisttrend
7、sofliteratureTogetfamiliarwiththemajormodernistfiguresTogettoknowtheliteraryandculturalcriticismofnewera TextStudy main TextStudy TextStudy I AGeneralAccountofModernism II ModernistTrendofLiterature III ModernistLiteratureinBritainandOtherEnglish speakingCountries IV LiteraryandCulturalCriticismofNe
8、wEra TextStudy I 1 4 TextStudy MainIdeas TheearlysignsofModernism themiddleofthe19thcenturyinFrance Baudelaireinpoetry Manetinpainting Flaubertinprosefictiontwoschoolsofartsandletters impressionismandsymbolismThedefinitionofModernism byMorrisBib i twoextremes thereestablishmentofreligiousfaithontheo
9、nehandandthedefenceofindividualist anarchistcultureontheotherii onemiddleline thevacillationbetweenfaithandbewilderment beliefandsuspicion MainIdeas asalientcharacteristicofModernism individualawarenessThecoreofModernistthought i thesenseofdespair bitternessandanxiety thedeathofallmodernidols God ma
10、n reason science progressandhistoryageofanxiety anxietyofmeaninglessness lossofaspiritualcenter faithandvalues ii thematurationofthemodernistmovement literaryrevolutionbythe lostgeneration torebelagainstthesenselessslaughterofWWIandthetraditionalvaluesartisticrevolutionbytheDada tobreakwiththevalues
11、ofthe19thcenturyanditsphilosophicalandpersonalmaterialismanditsrationalism TextStudy I 1 5 TextStudy MainIdeas MainIdeas TextStudy I 1 5 TextStudy MainIdeas Modernistperformancesinliteratureandart features representbothprogressiveandradicaltendencies insistuponthesubjectivityexpressivemeans expressi
12、onism cubism post impressionism futurism etc emblem theadversaryculturemajorfiguresamongwriters T S Eliot JamesJoyce GertrudeStein VirginiaWoolfmajorfiguresamongcomposers ArnoldSchoenberg IgorStravinsky AntonWebernmajorfiguresofmoderndance EmileJaques Delcroze RudolfLaban LoieFuller MainIdeas TextSt
13、udy I 1 5 TextStudy MainIdeas ModernistInfluence tobringaboutavarietyofModernistgenresandgroups Bolsheviktendencies InternationalStyle avant gardeactivity etc torevoltagainstthevaluesoftheIndustrialRevolutionandbourgeoisconservativevaluestocauseaseriesofculturalandartisticworksdifferentfromtradition
14、alformofarttoopenawayofthinkingandcreationtohumanculturalandspiritualdevelopment andmovetothePostmodernistera MainIdeas majorfiguresamongpainters EdouardManetmajorfiguresamongarchitects LudwigMiesvanderRohe LeCorbusier TextStudy I 1 4 TextStudy MainIdeas MainIdeas TextStudy I 1 4 TextStudy MainIdeas
15、 MainIdeas TextStudy I 1 4 TextStudy MainIdeas MainIdeas TextStudy I 2 1 TextStudy InterpretationofCulturalTerms Realpolitik powerpolicy 实力政策 Itreferstopoliticsordiplomacybasedprimarilyonpowerandonpracticalandmaterialfactorsandconsiderations ratherthanideologicalnotionsormoralisticorethicalpremises
16、Inthisrespect itsharesaspectsofitsphilosophicalapproachwiththoseofrealismandpragmatism Realpolitikisatheoryofpoliticsthatfocusesonconsiderationsofpower notideals morals orprinciples BalancingpowertokeeptheEuropeanpentarchywasthemeansforkeepingthepeace andcarefulRealpolitikerstriedtoavoidarmsraces ThemostfamousGermanadvocateof Realpolitik wasOttovonBismarck InterpretationofCulturalTerms TextStudy I 2 2 TextStudy InterpretationofCulturalTerms InterpretationofCulturalTerms TextStudy I 2 3 TextStudy
