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1、江苏省扬州市2020高考英语 阅读理解精品训练（7）扬州市2020高考英语阅读理解精品训练（7）及答案解析 (2020海淀第二学期期末，D)The Child Ego StateThe Child ego state is a set of behaviors, thoughts and feelings which are replayed from our own childhood.Perhaps the boss calls us into his or her office, we may immediately get a churning in our stomach and w
2、onder what we have done wrong. If this were explored we might remember the time the head teacher called us in to tell us off. Of course, not everything in the Child ego state is negative. We might go into someones house and smell a lovely smell and remember our grandmothers house when we were little
3、, and all the same warm feelings we had at six years of age may come flooding back.The Child ego states are constantly being updated. For example, we may meet someone who gives us the permission we needed as a child, and did not get，to be fun and joyous. We may well use that person in our imaginatio
4、n when we are stressed to resist our old ways of thinking that we must work longer and longer hours to keep up with everything. We might ask ourselves“I wonder what X would say now. ”Then on hearing the new permissions to relax and take some time out，do just that and then return to the work renewed
5、and ready for the challenge. Afterwards, rather than blaming ourselves for what we did or did not do, what tends to happen is that we automatically start to give ourselves new permissions and take care of ourselves.Alternatively，we might have had an extremely unpleasant experience yesterday which go
6、es into the Child ego state as an antique memory that stands in the way of our growth. Positive experiences will also go into the Child ego state as antique memories. The positive experiences can then be drawn on to remind us that positive things do happen.The process of analyzing personality in ter
7、ms of ego states is called structural analysis. It is important to remember that ego states do not have an existence of their own. They are concepts to enable understanding. Therefore it is important to say“I want some fun” rather than“My Child wants some fun”. We may be in our Child ego state when
8、we say this,_but saying“I” reminds us to take responsibility for our actions.本文讲述了“the Child ego state”的含义及对一个人行为的影响。13The writer uses two examples in Paragraph 2 in order to _.A. prove the Child ego state is negativeB. explain why we become nervousC. support the idea in Paragraph 1D. introduce the
9、point of Paragraph 3答案：C。推理判断题。从文章结构来看，第2段所举的两个例子是对文章首段观点的阐释，故选C。14By asking“I wonder what X would say now” ，we intend to _.A. blame ourselves B. avoid stressC. keep up with everything D. accept challenges答案：B。推理判断题。由第3段中间的“We may well use that person.Then on hearing the new permissions to relax and
10、 take some time out.”可推知答案。15According to the passage，the Child ego state _.A. exists in ones childhood B. shows ones wisdomC. limits ones thoughts D. influences ones actions答案：D。推理判断题。16The underlined word“this” in the last paragraph refers to _.A. “I want some fun”B. “My Child wants some fun”C. th
11、e Child ego state D. structural analysis答案：A。词义猜测题。答案在于文章最后两句，由尾句中的but saying “I” reminds us.可知代词this指代的是上句的“I want some fun”而不是“My Child wants some fun”。(2020东城练习二，D)People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is int
12、elligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behavior. There are no clear answers yet, but two distin
13、ct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”Those who support the“nature
14、” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme，this theory states that our be
15、havior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts(本能)Proponents of the“nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act.
16、A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behavior.Socially and politically, the
