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1、Unit 13语法篇 现在进行时（1）含义：表示正在发生或进行的动作。（2）基本结构：主语 + be + 现在分词（be 的形式随主语的变化而变化）（3）基本用法：表示现在正在进行的动作。特征：常常与now或具体的时间连用，有时句中会有感官动词来提示，或通过上下文来暗示。表示现阶段一直进行的动作。这类动词常常是延续性动词。常于at present, this week, these days等连用。表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。现在完成时（1）含义：表示过去发生的动作对现在还有影响。（2）基本结构：主语 + have / has + 过去分词（3）基本用法：表示过去发生的动作，但强调对现在产生
2、影响。特征：不能与表示具体的时间状语连用。表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直延续到现在，还可能继续下去。常常与since, for, in the past + 时间名词，in the last +时间名词等时间状语连用，而且谓语动词要求是延续性动词。表示一种“经历或体验”，即可以表示经历过也可以是从来都没有经历过。被动语态初中阶段我们学习了七种被动结构，归纳如下：（1）一般现在时是被动语态：am / is / are + 过去分词（2）现在完成时的被动式： have / has + been + 过去分词（3）现在进行时的被动式：am/ is/ are + being + 过去分词（4）一般
3、过去时的被动式：was / were + 过去分词（5）过去进行时的被动式：was / were + being + 过去分词（6）过去完成时的被动式：had + been + 过去分词（7）一般将来时的被动式：will / be going to be+ 过去分词（8）含有情态动词的被动式：情态动词+be +动词的过去分词。情态动词情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，如认为“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等。情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能单独作谓语，也没有人称和数的变化。后面一般跟动词原形。used to 结构used to意为“过去常常做某事”，指的是过去的习惯性动作，目的在于与现在形
4、成对照。used to是个情态动词，其中的to是不定式符号，后面跟动词原形。在美式英语中。它的疑问式是：Did 主语use to do sth？否定式是：主语didnt use。在英式英语中，它的疑问式应当是：Used 主语to sth？否定式应当是used not to或use（d）nt to。 He used to stay up late. 他过去常熬到很晚。1At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other
5、. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering 2.How does Jack usually go to work?He _ drive a car, but now he _ there to lose weight.A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walkingC. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking3.He promised to pick me up at
6、the school gate. However, he _ yet.A. didnt arrive B. doesnt arrive C. isnt arriving D. hasnt arrived4. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _ as “Peoples Writer”.A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards5. May I go out now, Dad? No. You _ let your mother know first. A. can
7、B. may C. need D. Must解析：1.B 主语more chances是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态。2. A used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”；句意：Jack如何去上班？他过去常开车，但是现在他习惯步行去上班以便减肥。3.D“他还没有出现”表示从过去某个时间开始持续到现在状态，应当用现在完成时。4. A 句子的主语Ba Jin是动作的承受者，应当用被动语态。 5. D must 意为“必须”；句意：你必须先让你妈知道。 I.用所给词的适当形式填空。1. The old man used _
8、 (be) a teacher. 2. We should _ (clean) the room every day. 3. Look! Tom _ (sleep) in his room. 4. Lots of trees _ (plant) on the hill every year. 5. He _ (live) here for 20 years. II.句型转换。 1.They hope they can visit the Great Wall one day. (改为同义句)8 They hope _ _ the Great Wall one day.【 ：21 5】2. Sh
9、e can speak both English and French. (改为同义句) She can speak _ _ English _ _ French.【 ：0】3. Lily used to play the violin.（改为否定句）Lily _ _ _ play the violin.4. My father doesnt allow me to use his computer. (改为被动语态)Im _ _ _ _ his computer by my father.5. All my classmates left ten minutes ago. (改为同义句)6A
10、ll my classmates _ _ _ for ten minutes.答案：I.1.to be 2. clean 3. is sleeping 4. are planted 5. has lived II.1. to visit 2.not only; but also 3.didnt use to 4.not allowed to use 5.have been awayI.单项选择1. He likes watching the children _ football.A. playB. to play C. playing D. playsy2. Most of the youn
11、g people can hardly speak any Chinese, _?A. can heB. cant he C. can theyD. cant they3. They _ to Tibet many times.A. are B. were C. have been D. has been4. They _ a hit CD in the last six months.A. make B. made C. was made D. have made5. My friend from America called me yesterday. We _ for hours.A.c
12、hat B. chatted C. have chatted D. had chatted34. Where is Tom? -He _ playing basketball on the playground.A. is seen B. saw C. be seen D. was seen6.Many old houses around our school will be _ down next year and a large green area will appear. Athrown BpulledCbroken Dput7.TheOlympicGames_everyfouryea
13、rs.A.areheldB.wereheldC. areholdingD. willho1d 8.Usuallycomputers_tosearchtheInternet. A.useB.areusingC.areusedD.used9.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildings_inourschoolinthe nextterm.A.willbebuiltB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.willbuild10.Dontdiscusstheproblemswithyourpartnerunlessyou_todoso.A.askB.areaskedC.willaskD.willbeaskedII.句型转换。1. “Dont park your car here,” the man told me.(改为间接引语)21 5 The man told me _ _ _ my car here.2. Tom left Shanghai two weeks ago because of his new job. (改为同义句)Tom _ _ _
