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1、.Section_Warming Up & Reading Prereading1What are the advantages and disadvantages of cloning?2Not only animals but also plants can be cloned. Do you know the difference between them? Please read the following passage to get the answer.A new study of plants that are reproduced by cloning has shown w
2、hy cloned plants are not identical.Scientists have known for some time that cloned organisms are not always identical: their observable characteristics and traits can vary, and this variation can be passed on to the next generation. This is despite the fact that they are derived (获得) from geneticall
3、y identical founder cells.Now, a team from Oxford University, the UK, and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia, believe they have found out why this is the case in plants: the genomes (染色体) of regenerate plants carry relatively high frequencies of new DNA sequence mutatio
4、ns (变异) that were not present in the genome of the donor plant.The team reported their findings in this weeks Current Biology.“Where these new mutations actually come from is still a mystery，” said Professor Harberd. “They may arise during the regeneration process itself or during the cell divisions
5、 in the donor plant that gave rise to the root cells from which the regenerate plants are created. We are planning further research to find out which of these two processes is responsible for these mutations. What we can say is that nature has safely been employing what you might call a cloningproce
6、ss in plants for millions of years, and that there must be good evolutionary reasons why these mutations are introduced.”The new results suggest that variation in clones of plants may have different underlying causes from those of variation in clones of animals where it is believed that the effect o
7、f environmental factors on how animal genes are expressed is more important and no similar high frequencies of mutations have been observed.Professor Harberd said, “While our results highlight that cloned plants and animals are very different, they may give us insights into how bacterial and cancer
8、cells replicate themselves, and how mutations arise during these processes which, ultimately, have an impact on human health.”Warming Up1How much do you know about clone? What is clone? And what are natural clone and manmade clone?Clone_is_a_way_of_making_an_exact_copy_of_another_animal_or_plant.Nat
9、ural_clone_is_one_that_occurs_from_the_“parent”_in_a_natural_form_of_cloning_without_human_help.Manmade_clone_is_one_produced_through_human_intervention_(介入)2Look at these pictures and tell which ones are natural clones and which ones are manmade clones.Natural_clones：AF；Manmade_clones：BCDE3See anot
10、her kind of clone. The two women soldiers look very alike. Can you explain why?They_are_called_twins._They_were_born_almost_at_the_same_time_by_the_same_motherFast Reading1Read the text and write down the main idea of the text.The text is mainly about the procedure of animal cloning and the life of
11、Dolly the sheep，as well as the reasons why cloning is still controversial.2Read the text and then find the main idea of each paragraph.(1)Paragraph 1(D) AThe effect of Dolly.(2)Paragraph 2(B) BThe major uses of cloning.(3)Paragraph 3(E) CPeoples reaction to cloning. (4)Paragraph 4(A)DThe definition
12、(定义) of cloning.(5)Paragraph 5(C) EThe problem of Dolly.Careful ReadingRead the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.(1)Which of the following statements about cloning is NOT true according to the text?ACloning is something that has been developed quite recently.BTwins that loo
13、k exactly the same are originally from the same egg.CCloning is used by gardeners to make more money.DAnimal cloning is much more difficult than plant cloning.(2)The cloning of Dolly the sheep succeeded because _.Aits easier to clone a sheep than other animalsBthe scientists were determined and work
14、ed hard with patienceCthe scientists were rewarded and got lots of moneyDmany other attempts to clone mammals failed(3)The sheep that donated the somatic cell most probably lived _ years.A3B6C9 D12(4)Which of the following is NOT an advantage of cloning?ACloning can be used for medical purposes.BLar
15、ge quantities of food can be produced by cloning.CCloning can help keep animals from becoming extinct.DFamous persons who have passed away can be cloned.(5)We can infer from the last three paragraphs that_.Athe normal development of Dolly had no effect on the cloning of other speciesBDollys serious disease and final death disturbed the whole worldCDolly successfully cloned a new lamb with the help of cloning scientistsDthere were arguments about animal cloning and concerns about the future of cloning答案：(1)(5)ABDDD SummaryRead the text carefully and fill in
