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1、2019-2020年高中英语（人教大纲）第二册上：Unit10 Frightening nature(备课资料) I. 异国风情1. The Grand Canyon The Grand Canyon (大峡谷) is considered one of the seven wonders of the naturalworld. It is one of Americas most famous national parks. Visitors to the canyon e from all parts of the world. Officials say about 5 million
2、 people visit the Grand Canyon each year. The canyon extends 450 kilometers. But the surrounding area does not suggest the existence of such a large opening in the Earth. Visitors e upon the canyon suddenly, when they reach the edge. Then they are looking at a land like nothing else in the world. Wa
3、lls of rock fall away sharply. In some places，the canyon walls are more than a kilometer deep. Far below is the dark, turning line of the Colorado River(科罗拉多河). On the other side of the canyon, sunshine lights up the rock walls in red, orange and gold. The bright colors are the result of minerals in
4、 the rocks. Their appearance changes with the light, the time of years and the weather. At sunset, when the sun has moved across the sky, the canyon walls take on quieter colors of blue, purple(紫色) and green. Hundreds of rocky points rise from the bottom of the canyon. Some are very tall. Yet all ar
5、e below the level of an observer on the edge, looking over. There are several ways to see the Grand CanyonMany visitors walk along pathsdown into t he canyon. It takes several hours to walk to the bottom, it takes two times as long to walk back upSome visitors ride mules(骡子)t0 the bottom of the cany
6、on and backMules are strong animals that look like horsesThey are known for their ability to walk slowly and safely on the pathsMany people see the Grand Canyon by airThey pay a helicopter or airplane pilot to fly them above and around the canyonOthers see it from the Colorado RiverThey ride boats o
7、ver the fast moving waterThese trips can last from one week to three weeks Americas National Park Service is in charge of protecting the Grand Canyon fromthe effects of so many visitorsVisitors must carry a11 waste materials out of the areaAll rockshistorical objects，plants and wildlife must be left
8、 untouchedThe National Park Service tells its visitors，“Take only photographsLeave only footprints”2The Birth of An IslandSurtsey was born in 1963It was a great event for scientistsThey were lucky enough to see the birth of this volcanic islandIt began at 7：30 amon 14th NovemberA fishing boat was sa
9、iling near IcelandThe boat moved under the captains feetHe noticed a strange smellHe saw some black smokeA volcano was eruptingThe bottom of the grey Atlantic was openRedhot rocks，flames and smoke were rushing up from a split in the sea-bedThe island grew quicklyIt was 10 metres high the next day an
10、d 60 metres high on 18th NovemberScientists flew to Reykjavik to watchIt was very excitingSmoke and flames were still rushing upPieces of redhot rock were flying into the air and falling into the seaThe sea was boiling and there was a strange light in the sky. Surtsey grew and grewThen it stopped in
11、 June 1967It was 175 metres high and 2 kilometres longAnd life was already ing to SurtseySeeds came over the sea. Plants grewBirds cameSome scientists built a houseThey want to 1earn about this young islandA new island is like a new world 知识归纳 l. urge的用法 (1)urge常作及物动词，意为：推进，极力主张，强烈要求，催促，劝，激励，怂恿，强调。
12、跟名词 egWe Chinese people have persistently urged the equality of nations。big or small。 我们中国人民一贯坚决主张国无大小应一律平等。 They urged direct use of troops to try to suppress the movement 他们强烈要求用部队去设法平息运动。 跟带不定式的复合结构 egHe urged Wu Dong to help him 他恳请吴东去帮助他。 Mother urged me not to tell you anything about it 妈妈要求我什
13、么也不要对你说。 跟从句从句用虚拟语气：(should +)动词原形 egThey urged that the library be kept open during the vacation 他们主张图书馆在假期开放。 Her parents urged her that she (should) set strict demands on herself 她父母亲鼓励她要严格要求自己。 urge后一般不能跟不定式作宾语，只能跟动名词。 egWe all urged sticking to the four fundamental principles 我们大家都主张要坚持四项基本原则。
14、(2)urge作名词，意为“强烈的愿望(要求)”。 egHe has an urge to join the army 他强烈要求参军。 (3)urge for意为“要求做出”。 egThey urged me for a statement of my view, 他们强烈要求我说出我的观点。 2as though(=as if)的用法 as though和as if没有什么区别。as if用得普遍些，却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句，其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。 (1)引导方式状语从句 egHe closed his eyes as though he were too tired 他闭着眼睛，
15、好像太累了。 She acted as though nothing had happened 她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。 当从句主语和主句主语一致，从句谓语中又含有动词to be时，可以把主语和to be一起省去。 egHe looked about as though (he was)in search of something 他四下张望，好像寻找什么。 He paused as if(he was)expecting Tom to speak 他停了下来好像期望Tom说些什么。 He listened as though he was turning to stone 这孩子一动不动地听着，仿佛变成了石头似的。 (2)引导表语从句 egIt looks as if its going to rain 看样子天要下雨了。 It seems as if Im the first one here 看起来我是第一个
