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1、MadebyLaurenChan TheGreenBanana 1 2 questions Howdoesthetitle GreenBanana strikeyou Whatdoyouexpectthestorytotell 3 ThetextistakenfromBeyondExperience AnExperientialApproachtoCross culturalEducationeditedbyDonaldBatchelderandElizabethG Warnerin1974 Whenthesecondeditionofthebookwaspublishedin1993 Bat
2、chelderexplainedhisviewoncross culturaleducation BackgroundInformation 4 BackgroundInformation Ifsomeofthegoalsofeducationinmoderntimesaretoopenuppossibilitiesfordiscoveryandexpandlearningandthechanceformutualacceptanceandrecognitioninawiderworld itmaybeimportanttoofferstudentsaperspectiveontheirown
3、immediatecenteroftheworldbyenablingthemtoparticipatesensitivelyascross culturalsojourners s d n 旅居者 寄居者 tothecenterofsomeoneelse sworld 5 Check onPreview Whathappenedtotheauthor soldjeepinBrazil Howdidthevillagershelprepairit Whatdidtheauthorlearnaboutthecenteroftheworld therock Howdidhefeeltowardit
4、 Whatarethetwolearningmomentsoftheauthor Whatdidhelearn What stheuseofthegreenbananainthetext Whatdoesitsymbolize Whentheauthorsaysweshouldleaveourowncentersoftheworld doeshemeanweshouldtraveltoothercountriesmoreoften 6 BackgroundInformation Ethnocentrism 种族优越论 Ethnic referstoculturalheritage and ce
5、ntrism referstothecentralstartingpointorthetendencyofpeopletoputtheirowngroupatthecenter Thus ethnocentrism basicallyreferstojudgingothergroupsfromone sownculturalpointofview ormisinterpretingotherculturesbecauseoneusestheconceptsofhisownculture 7 Ethnocentrismcanleadtomakingfalseassumptionsaboutoth
6、ers waysbasedonone sownlimitedexperience Thekeywordisassumptions becausewearenotevenawarethatwearebeingethnocentric Thatispeopledon tunderstandthattheydon tunderstand BackgroundInformation Ethnocentrism 种族优越论 8 Ethnocentrismmaymanifestitselfinattitudesofsuperiorityorsometimeshostility Violence discr
7、imination proselytizing pr s l ta z 劝诱改宗 andverbalaggressivenessareothermeanswherebyethnocentrismmaybeexpressed BackgroundInformation Ethnocentrism 种族优越论 9 Whyarepeopleethnocentric Itisnormaltoassumethingsonthebasisofone sownexperience althoughitissometimeswrong People sperceptionsofcolors timeframe
8、s valuesonindustriousness socialroles andbeliefsaboutLifeandtheUniverseprovideimportantmeaningsindailylife Therefore people slimitedexperiencestheyhavealreadyhadarethebasisforinterpretingnewexperiences andinthecaseofothers behaviors 10 Whatistheproblemwithethnocentrism Ethnocentrismleadspeopletomake
9、falseassumptionsaboutotherpeoples Peopleareethnocentricwhentheyusetheirculturalnormsasauniversalyardsticktomakegeneralizationsaboutotherpeoples culturesandcustoms Peopleofoneculturemayfalselydistortwhatismeaningfulandfunctionaltootherpeoplesthroughhisowntintedglasses Atthebest peoplesimplycontinuein
10、hisunawareness Youmaybewellmeaningininterethnicrelations butcanunintentionallyoffendothers generateillfeelings andevensetupsituationsthatharmothers Ethnocentrismisevidentininternationalrelations creatingconflictsandinhibitingresolutionofconflicts 11 Thereareextremeformsofethnocentrismthatposeserious
11、socialproblems suchasracism chauvinism andethniccleansing Theseviewsaregenerallycondemnedbytheworldcommunity butregularcasescanbeseeninthenews EthnocentrismCulturalChauvinismRelativismRacism extremeformsofethnocentrism 12 Whatcanwedoaboutethnocentrism Addressingethnocentrismisnotamatterofjusttryingn
12、ottobeethnocentric Sincepeoplewillneverexperienceeverylifesituationofeveryonearoundtheworld assumptionsaboutlifearebasedonexistinglimitedexperience Amoreeffectivewayistocatchyourselfwhenyouarebeingethnocentricandseektodevelopbetterunderstandings Oncewerealizethatwearenotunderstanding wearenowinabett
13、erpositiontoseekmorevalidandbalancedunderstandings 13 CulturalRelativism 文化相对主义 Ethnocentrismisoftenlinkedtoasociologicaltheorycalled culturalrelativism Culturalrelativistsassertthatconceptsaresociallyconstructedandvarycross culturally Theseconceptsmayincludesuchfundamentalnotionsaswhatisconsideredt
14、rue morallycorrect andwhatconstitutesknowledgeorevenrealityitself 14 CulturalRelativismisanattempttounderstandtheculturaldevelopmentofsocietiesandsocialgroupsontheirownterms thatis withouttryingtoimposeabsoluteideasofmoralvalueortryingtomeasuredifferentculturalvariationsintermsofsomeformofabsolutecu
15、lturalstandard Thismaybeapositivevalueintermsofinterethnicrelations Byculturalrelativism allculturesareequallyworthyofrespectandinstudyinganotherculturepeopleneedtosuspendjudgment empathizeandtryandunderstandthewaythatparticularcultureseestheworld CulturalRelativism 文化相对主义 15 Brazil 16 17 NationalFl
16、ag FederativeRepublicofBrazil Capital Brasilia IndependentDay September7th 18 Twolargeterrain t re n 地形 TheAmazonplain 1 3 BrazilPlateau 2 3 19 BrazilisaPortuguese speakingcountryintheAmericas Itistheworld sfifthlargestcountry bothbygeographicalareaandbypopulation 20 BoundedbytheAtlanticOceanontheeast Brazilhasacoastlineofover7 491kilometers ItisborderedonthenorthbyVenezuela ven zwe l Guyana ai n ai n Suriname s r n m andtheFrenchoverseasdepartmentofFrenchGuiana onthenorthwestbyColombia onthewes
