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1、第4讲特殊句式全国卷考情分析题型典题试做命题解读语法填空1(2018全国卷)Chinas approach to protecting its environment while feeding (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.2(2016全国卷)It could be anythinggardening,cooking,music,sportsbut whatever it is,make(make) sure its a relief from
2、 daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.强调句是高考的难点,倒装句是高考的热点。此外,状语从句中的省略、祈使句和there be句型的各种时态的应用也是高考考查的重点项目。短文改错1 (2019全国卷) They were two reasons for the decision.TheyThere2(2018山东青岛一中模拟)I had trouble overcoming my addiction to alcohol,and so was my friend Mike.wasdid3(2018湖南师大附中检测)It i
3、s the stable and comfortable life where has destroyed the young mans ambition to be a great explorer.wherethat1倒装句中助动词或系动词的缺失或误用；2强调句型中it或that的误用；3感叹句中what和how 的误用；4祈使句中动词原形的误用；5there be句型中be动词单复数的误用或者there错用为其他词。考点一倒装句.单句语法填空1(2019四川部分名校联测)At the top of the hill (lie) an old cottage which has a won
4、derful view of the whole city.lies当介词短语置于句首时,句子应用完全倒装,去除修饰部分which has a wonderful view of the whole city后,还原成正常语序为：An old cottage (lie) at the top of the hill.。句意：山顶上坐落着一间能一览全城美景的古老小屋。结合定语从句的时态可以判断,此处应用一般现在时,故填lies。2(2019崇州模拟)Hardly she gone out when a student came to visit her.had此题考查hardly.when句式,
5、该句式主句应用过去完成时。3(2019湖北八市联考)Not until then I know my senior high school life had really begun. then后加didnot until位于句首要用部分倒装,根据语境可知助动词用过去时。1完全倒装表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语here,there,now,then,up,down,away,off,in,out,in the room,on the wall等置于句首,且主语为名词时。At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing Ri
6、ver lies Chongqing,one of the ten largest cities in China.在长江和嘉陵江的交汇处,坐落着中国十大城市之一的重庆。2部分倒装(1)否定副词(never,neither,nor,hardly,little,seldom,rarely等)或表示否定意义的介词短语(at no time,by no means,on no condition,in no case等)置于句首时。(2)only修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句,且置于句首时。(3)so/neither 助动词/be动词/情态动词主语 意为“也是如此/也不”。(4)在not only.b
7、ut (also).句型中,若not only置于句首时,需将not only所在的句子部分倒装。(5)not until.置于句首时,主句需部分倒装。(6)so.that.和such.that.句式中,so或such及其所修饰的成分置于句首时,主句需部分倒装。Not until recently did they encourage the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas.直到近期,他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。Only after they had discussed the matter
8、 for several hours did they reach a decision.他们讨论了那个问题几个小时之后才做出决定。考点二强调句.单句语法填空1(2019湖北襄阳四校联考)Although it was ten years ago I read the book, it shows me a universal truth that books are friends,always pushing us to move on.that分析句子结构可知,本句为强调句型,强调时间状语,故填that。2(2019湖北荆门调研)It wasnt until in high school
9、 I began to trust other people again.that句意：直到上了高中我才开始再次信任别人。本句考查强调句型“It is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分”,且强调时间状语,故填that。3(2019江西樟树中学等六校联考)In that way,World Read Aloud Day (do) help make a difference.does句意：通过那种方式,世界大声读书日的确帮助产生了影响。本句主语为World Read Aloud Day,设空处后的谓语动词是动词原形help,根据提示词do可知本题考查强调。do/does/did放在实义动
10、词前表示强调。因主语为第三人称单数,故填does。.单句改错4(2019湖南衡阳市八中、永州市四中一联)It is working in teams instead of on my own which has freed me from trouble and made my work more efficient. whichthat句意：是团队合作而不是我自己单打独斗使我克服了困难并使我的工作效率更高。本句考查强调句型。强调句型为：It is/was被强调部分that其他成分。由此可见需将which改为that。1陈述句式：It is/was.that/who.(强调人时可用that或w
11、ho,强调物时只用that)一般疑问句：Is/Was it.that/who.?特殊疑问句：疑问词is/was it that.?It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.正是当我回到公寓的时候,我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down?他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？2“not.until.”的强调句：It is/was
12、not until.that.(注意时态)(湖南高考)It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.直到我来到这儿,我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美,还因为它的天气。易错提醒强调谓语动词,用do/does/did动词原形。该结构只用于肯定句,并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。考点三其他常考特殊句式.单句语法填空1(2019山东菏泽一模)As is known to us all, some students have
13、breakfast regularly while others dont. There (be) several reasons.are句意：众所周知,一些学生有规律地吃早餐而其他学生并非如此。这有几个原因。there be句型中,be要和后面的主语保持一致,本句中several reasons为复数形式,故填are。2(2019山西重点中学协作体一模)When (take) exams, we sometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased.taking句意：当我们参
14、加考试时,为了取得好成绩来使我们的父母和老师高兴,我们有时会作弊。本题考查省略。将句子补全后为：When we are taking exams,we sometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased.时间状语从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句中含有be动词时,可将从句主语和be动词去掉,故填taking。3(2019河北衡水中学第三次调研)Once upon a time, was a boy whose parents named him Odd.there句意：从前有一个
15、男孩儿,他的父母给他取名叫Odd。本题考查“there be”句型,意为：有。.单句改错4(2019湖南长沙一模)Doing as well as you can today, and perhaps you may be able to do better tomorrow. DoingDo该句为“祈使句and陈述句”结构,祈使句句首应用动词原形,故将Doing改为Do。5(2019湖南长郡中学等四校联考)There has a big library in our school. hasis句意：我们学校有一个很大的图书馆。本题考查there be句型。没有there have/has句型。一、省略1状语从句的省略当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致
