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1、Part Grammar直接引语和间接引语()思维导图对于直接引语和间接引语的掌握，我们可以遵循这样一个原则：一个概念，两种形式，三种句型，四种变化。一个概念：直接引述别人的原话，叫作直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话，叫作间接引语。两种形式：直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用加引号。三种句型：陈述句、疑问句和祈使句。四种变化：人称、时态、语序和状语。1.连接词的选择直接引语变为间接引语时，不同种类的句子有着不同的变化方式。陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为间接引语时都转化成了宾语从句，宾语从句必须用陈述语序。直接引语间接引语陈述句用连词that引导，that可以省略一般疑问句用连词if或whe
2、ther引导，said改为asked，其后还可以加sb，句子用陈述句语序特殊疑问句用原来的特殊疑问词引导，句子用陈述句语序The boy said，“I like playing basketball very much.”The boy said that he liked playing basketball very much.The teacher asked the boy，“Do you like playing basketball？”The teacher asked the boy whether he liked playing basketball.2.人称变化直接引语变
3、为间接引语时，人称的变化遵循这样的规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。(1)“一随主”。若直接引语中有第一人称，变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称相一致。She said，“My brother wants to go with me.”She said her brother wanted to go with her.(2)“二随宾”。若直接引语中有第二人称，变间接引语时应与主句中宾语的人称相一致。She said to me，“You had better get there early.”She told me that I had better get there early.(3)
4、“第三人称不更新”。直接引语中的第三人称变间接引语时不需要变化。Mr Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.”Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker.3.时态变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时过去完成进行时一般将来时过去将来时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成进行时过去完成进行时Helen said，“Ive finished writing the report.”Helen said that she had finished writing the r
5、eport.The boy said，“My father came to pick me up.”The boy said that his father had come to pick him up.He said，“I had finished my homework before supper.”He said that he had finished his homework before supper.4.指示代词、地点状语、时间状语及动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethose时间状语nowthentodaythat dayyesterdaythe d
6、ay beforethis eveningthat eveningtomorrowthe next daylast weekthe week beforeagobefore地点状语herethere方向性动词bringtakecomego“Where did you have a picnic yesterday？”asked his friend.His friend asked where he had a picnic the day before.He said，“I am going to see a film tonight.”He said that he was going t
7、o see a film that night.将下列直接引语改为间接引语1.Henry said，“I dont want to stay here.”Henry said that_he_didnt_want_to_stay_there.2.My teacher asked me，“Do you like American country music？”My teacher asked me if/whether_I_liked_American_country_music.3.She asked me，“Whats the matter with you？”She asked me wh
8、at_was_the_matter_with_me.4.My father said，“I worked here twenty years ago.”My father said that_he_had_worked_there_twenty_years_before.5.The geography teacher said to us，“The earth turns around the sun.”The geography teacher told us that_the_earth_turns_around_the_sun.将下列间接引语改为直接引语1.Jane told me sh
9、e was going to invite all her friends to have a gettogether.“Im_going_to_invite_all_my_friends_to_have_a_gettogether，” Jane told me.2.She asked me if my father was an engineer.She asked me，“Is_your_father_an_engineer？”3.I asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day.I asked her，“Where_are_you_going_and_what_are_you_going_to_do_tomorrow？”4.The stranger asked me what my name was.The stranger asked，“Whats_your_name？”5.She said that she would finish her work the next day.“Ill_finish_my_work_tomorrow，” she said.
