《基于校园网的ipv6过渡机制研究》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《基于校园网的ipv6过渡机制研究（68页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、河北大学 硕士学位论文 基于校园网的IPv6过渡机制研究 姓名：李玉科 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：电路与系统 指导教师：张欣 2011-05 摘 要 I 摘 要 互联网的快速发展，使目前 IPv4 协议下的网络在实际应用中越来越不足，严重阻碍 着互联网的发展。要想彻底而有效的解决这些问题，需要建设下一代互联网，因此基于 IPv6 的互联网就诞生了。 IPv6 是互联网协议 IPv4 的下一个版本， 其取代 IPv4 是必然的。 IPv6 的新特点将会为网络的应用及发展提供广阔的前景。虽然各高校都在积极地改造 校园网，处在向 IPv6 的过渡阶段，但对 IPv6 技术还不是很熟，因此研究校园网的
2、过渡 对今后网络的改造应用有重要的现实意义。 本文首先介绍了国内外研究 IPv6 的现状，介绍了 IPv6 协议的新特点，网络地址及 数据包与 IPv4 相比的优势，安全性与移动性的加强，邻居发现协议及路由协议的实现 等。介绍了常见的三种过渡技术：隧道技术、双协议栈技术及协议转换技术。并深入分 析了校园网建设 IPv6 网的需求，根据我校医学部现有的具体网络情况：网络结构采用 不完全的三层结构，即核心层和汇聚/接入层混用，使用多层交换机作为中心节点，以 放射状连接到各教学楼的交换机设备中，这种结构较为混乱，管理和维护都较为困难， 并且网络资源利用率不高。制定出向 IPv6 网络过渡的方案：网络
3、设计为由接入层、汇 聚层、核心层组成的三层结构，将校园网接入层分为四大部分：纯 IPv6 网部分、服务 器部分、教学网部分、生活网部分。将每部分的网络连接到汇聚交换机上，再通过汇聚 交换机连接到核心交换机上，各部分网络相对独立，互不干涉。 最后，在该方案的基础上，通过在 Windows XP 系统上运行 GNS3 仿真软件建立的 仿真平台，自行设计并实现了一系列仿真实验：静态 NAT-PT 仿真实验、动态 NAT-PT 仿真实验，实现了校园网中 IPv4 主机访问 IPv6 网络或者是 IPv6 主机访问 IPv4 网络的 情况。通过隧道技术仿真实验，实现了 IPv6 节点通过 IPv4 网络
4、对 IPv6 网的访问。通 过双协议栈技术的仿真，实现 IPv6 节点与 IPv4 节点间的互通。通过仿真实验测试，测 试环境间可以正常通信，并且没有丢包现象，验证了在实际应用中 IPv4 网络向 IPv6 网 络过渡的可能性，并为校园网的真正过渡提供了现实的参考依据。 关键词 IPv6 过渡技术 双协议栈 隧道技术 NAT-PT Abstract II Abstract With the rapid development of the Internet, the network IPv4 agreement in practical application is more and more
5、 insufficient currently. And it has seriously hindered the development of the Internet. In order to completely and effectively solve these problems, we need to build the next generation of the Internet. So the Internet based on IPv6 was born. IPv6 is the next version of the Internet protocol IPv4 wh
6、ich is inevitable to replace IPv4. The new characteristics of IPv6 will provide vast prospect for the application and development of the network. While all colleges and universities are actively transform the campus, in the transition phase to IPv6, but IPv6 technology is not very familiar with, so
7、the transition of the campus network applications in the future transformation of the network has important practical significance. This text introduces the present condition of domestic and international search IPv6 firstly and introduces the new characteristics of IPv6 agreement, Network Address a
8、nd packet compared with IPv4 of advantage, the strengthening of safety and mobility, Neibour Discovery Protocol and the realization of routing protocol, etc. It introduces three common transition technologies: tunnel technology, double-stack technology and protocol conversion technology. It go deep
9、into to analyze the demand of a campus net construction IPv6 nets, according to the demand of IPv6 nets our existing concrete network department: The network structure use incomplete three-layer structure, namely the core layer and aggregate/access layer, overdischarge use multilayer switch as a cen
10、tral node, with radial connected to each building switches equipment. This kind of structure is more confusion, supervision and maintenances are all more difficult, and network using of resource rate anti higher. Draw up transfers toward the IPv6 network of scheme: Network design in order to be gone
11、 into a layer by the connecting and remit the treble structure of gathering the layer, nucleus layer composition, campus net the connecting go into the layer is divided into four big fraction: Pure IPv6 net fraction, server fraction and teaching net fraction, life net fraction. Every part of the net
12、work will be connected on a switch to converge, then by gathering switches Abstract III connected to the core switches, each part network is relatively independent, non-interference. Finally, on the basis of this scheme, Windows XP starts in the system running GNS3 of simulation software platform to
13、 design and implement a series of simulation experiment: static NAT - PT simulation experiment, dynamic NAT - PT simulation experiment, realized to check and carried out the IPv4 host in the campus net calling IPv6 networks or is the condition that the IPv6 host visits IPv4 networkses. The technique
14、 of passing the tunneling imitates reality to check and carry out IPv6 nodal point to pass a calling of IPv4 networkses to IPv6 backbone net. Approval double-stack technical in the agreement in imitates really carries out the mutual communication of IPv6 nodal pointses and IPv4 nodal points. The app
15、roval imitates reality to check a test, testinging an environment can correspond by letter as usual, and without a packet drop phenomemon.It verified the probability of transfer toward the IPv6 network amid the IPv4 networkses at physically applied and provided realistic reference frame for the real
16、 transit of campus net. Key words IPv6 Transition technique Dual-stack Tunnel technique NAT-PT 第 1 章 绪论 1 第 1 章 绪论 1.1 IPv6 的研究背景 目前互联网的应用已深入到社会、家庭的方方面面，随着应用的不断加强，现有网 络协议暴露出许多缺点：有限的地址空间、节点配置复杂、端到端的IP连接不便、以及 服务质量、安全性、移动性差等1。目前使用的是IPv4 协议，采用 32 位编码地址，可 提供大约 40 多亿个IP地址，其中 70%2已分配光，全球面临IP地址枯竭的问题。为了 解决该问题， 国际互联网组织IETF成立了专门的部门来研究下一代互联网。 而新的互联 网协议IPv6 则采用 128 位的编码地址，有足够大的地址空间，移动更方便，安全性更 强 3，是最理想的解决IP地址缺乏的方式。虽然IPv6 与IPv4 协议相比有诸
